What is spina bifida?
Order ID |
53563633773 |
Type |
Essay |
Writer Level |
Masters |
Style |
APA |
Sources/References |
4 |
Perfect Number of Pages to Order |
5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
What is spina bifida?
Spina bifida is a birth defect that occurs when the neural tube, which eventually becomes the brain and spinal cord, fails to close completely during early fetal development. This can lead to a range of physical and neurological problems, depending on the severity of the condition.
There are several types of spina bifida, ranging from mild to severe. The most common type is called myelomeningocele, which is the most severe form of spina bifida. In this form, the spinal cord and surrounding nerves protrude through a gap in the spine, which can cause nerve damage and paralysis. Individuals with myelomeningocele may also have other physical and health issues, such as bladder and bowel problems, hydrocephalus (an excess of fluid in the brain), and a higher risk of infections.
Another form of spina bifida is called meningocele, in which the protective covering around the spinal cord protrudes through the gap in the spine, but the spinal cord itself is not affected. This form is typically less severe and may not cause any long-term health problems.
The mildest form of spina bifida is called spina bifida occulta, in which the spinal cord and surrounding nerves develop normally, but there is a small gap in the vertebrae of the spine. This form is often not diagnosed until later in life, as it may not cause any symptoms or health problems.
The exact cause of spina bifida is not known, but it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some risk factors for spina bifida include a family history of the condition, maternal obesity, diabetes, and certain medications taken during pregnancy.
There is no cure for spina bifida, but early intervention and appropriate medical care can help individuals with spina bifida manage their symptoms and live as independently as possible. Treatment may involve surgery to repair the gap in the spine and prevent further damage to the spinal cord, as well as ongoing medical care to manage any physical or health issues that may arise.
In addition to medical care, individuals with spina bifida may benefit from physical and occupational therapy, which can help improve their mobility and independence. They may also benefit from specialized education programs and assistive technology, such as wheelchairs and communication devices, to help them communicate effectively and access their environment.
It is important to note that individuals with spina bifida can lead fulfilling lives, with the right support and resources. They may face challenges and require ongoing medical care, but with appropriate interventions and support, they can achieve their full potential and contribute to their communities and society in meaningful ways.
There are also many organizations and support groups that provide resources and support to individuals with spina bifida and their families. These groups can offer information about medical care, education, and advocacy, and can help families connect with other families and individuals with spina bifida.
Overall, while spina bifida can present challenges, it is important to remember that individuals with spina bifida are valued members of our society who deserve respect, support, and opportunities to thrive. With the right support and resources, individuals with spina bifida can achieve their full potential and lead happy and fulfilling lives.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE |
NO RESPONSE |
POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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What is spina bifida?
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