The effects of stress on the endocrine system
Order ID |
53563633773 |
Type |
Essay |
Writer Level |
Masters |
Style |
APA |
Sources/References |
4 |
Perfect Number of Pages to Order |
5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
The effects of stress on the endocrine system
Stress is a natural response of the body to various physical, emotional, or environmental demands. When an individual experiences stress, the body releases hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, which activate the “fight or flight” response. While this response is helpful in short-term stressful situations, chronic stress can have negative effects on the body’s endocrine system.
The endocrine system is responsible for regulating hormones throughout the body, including the production and release of cortisol, the primary stress hormone. When an individual experiences chronic stress, the constant release of cortisol can have a negative impact on the body.
One of the main effects of chronic stress on the endocrine system is the disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is a complex network of communication between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal gland. The hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which signals the pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which then signals the adrenal gland to release cortisol. In chronic stress, the HPA axis becomes overactive, leading to the excessive production and release of cortisol.
This excessive cortisol production can lead to a number of negative effects on the body’s endocrine system. One of the most common effects is the disruption of the menstrual cycle in women. Chronic stress can lead to irregular periods, or even missed periods, due to the disruption of the hormone balance in the body. In addition, stress can also lead to a decrease in testosterone levels in men, which can affect their sexual health.
Another effect of chronic stress on the endocrine system is the disruption of the thyroid gland. Chronic stress can lead to an increase in cortisol levels, which can interfere with the production and release of thyroid hormones. This can lead to an underactive thyroid gland, known as hypothyroidism, which can cause fatigue, weight gain, and other symptoms.
Stress can also affect the pancreas, which is responsible for producing insulin. Chronic stress can lead to an increase in blood sugar levels, as cortisol promotes the production of glucose in the liver. This can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, especially in individuals who are already at risk due to other factors such as family history or poor diet.
Finally, chronic stress can also affect the reproductive system in both men and women. In men, stress can lead to a decrease in testosterone levels, which can affect their sexual health and fertility. In women, stress can interfere with ovulation, leading to irregular menstrual cycles and decreased fertility.
In conclusion, chronic stress can have a significant impact on the body’s endocrine system. The constant release of cortisol can disrupt the HPA axis, leading to a number of negative effects on hormone production and regulation. These effects can include disruptions to the menstrual cycle, thyroid function, blood sugar regulation, and reproductive health. It is important to manage stress through healthy lifestyle habits such as exercise, relaxation techniques, and social support to help mitigate the negative effects on the endocrine system.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE |
NO RESPONSE |
POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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The effects of stress on the endocrine system
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