Masculinity and Femininity, As They Relate to Culture
Order ID 53563633773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages to Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
Masculinity and Femininity, As They Relate to Culture
Masculinity and femininity, as they relate to culture, do not necessarily align with how we t raditionally think about the two constructs. Rather, when Hofstede (2001) identified this di mension, he conceptualized it as the degree to which cultural traditions and norms either v alue achievement and have well- defined gender roles (masculine cultures) or value equality, concern for others and the envi ronment, and have more flexible gender roles (feminine cultures). In more masculine count ries (such as Japan, Italy, and Venezuela; Hofstede, 2001), assertiveness and materialism ar e prized over cultivating interpersonal relationships. In contrast, more feminine countries ( for example, Sweden, Costa Rica, and Thailand; Hofstede, 2001) value nurturing behaviors, interdependence with others, and sexual equality. The United States ranks in the middle of this dimension, with a score leaning more toward the masculinity side of the range (Hofste de, 2001). These preferences can extend into the exam room: research has found those who have cultural masculinity prefer “closed communication behaviors” in their health patient– provider interactions, meaning that there is not a preference for patient- centered communication (Wilby, Govaerts, Austin, & Dolmans, 2017).
Culture and Media
Communication scholars agree that both mass media and social media are not only primary tools for information transmission but are also reflections of culture (Bybee, 2008). Today, due to their growing and ever- changing nature, media are more central to and interdependent with culture than ever befo re. Mass media usually include one-way information transmissions— such as newspapers, television, radio, or an informational website— or interactive media such as social media, mobile phone technology, or video gaming. The I nternet, on the other hand, is a channel through which mass media can inform the public or through which digital interpersonal communication (such as social media) can take place. Culture and mass and social media are interrelated in three ways:
- Media can provide a range of details about the issues that matter to a specific society. • Media can reflect dominant cultures and co-cultures. • Media can help individuals learn about their cultures, themselves, and others’ cultures.
First, we learn about our own culture’s politics, social issues, health information, popular m ovies, television shows, websites, and products and services via the media. As media consu mers, we are discerning about which form of media we prefer as sources of information for particular cultural issues. For example, U.S. adults’ preferred source of information about th e 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (also known as healthcare reform) was
magazine articles, whereas interpersonal information from sources such as friends and fam ily members was viewed as less satisfying and more difficult to obtain (Bevan, Sparks, Erns t, Francies, & Santora, 2013). However, when it comes to food choice and food safety, we te nd to place value on interpersonal communication with friends, family members, and healt h providers (International Food Information Council, 2018).
Second, though the dominant culture, by definition, has the greatest control and influence o ver the media (consider the FCC example discussed in the previous section), aspects of any number of co- cultures can also be portrayed in the media. For example, many residents of southern state s were upset about how their co- culture was being depicted on television programs such as MTV’s Buckwild and TLC’s Here Comes Honey Boo Boo (both now canceled). Third, media globalization means that individuals can use various forms of media to learn a bout and adapt to different cultures (Croucher, 2011). Consider the fact that the 2018 film Crazy Rich Asians, filmed in Singapore and Malaysia, grossed $174.5 million in the U.S. box office with a majority Asian and Asian- American cast (Box Office Mojo, n.d.; IMDB, n.d.). In turn, this led to a spike in individuals in terested in visiting Singapore (Hod, 2018). These examples highlight how media can be use d to open a population’s minds to the norms and experiences of different cultures. In fact, e xposure to TV or film media that features characters from a culture different than one’s ow n positively influences audience’s perceptions of that culture (Vincze & Harwood, 2013). Social media also uniquely transmit and reflect culture, though, unlike mass media, membe rs of a culture or population can all produce and engage with this type of mediated content. Individuals can use social media to communicate with other members of their culture, inter act with their dominant culture, and learn about and acculturate to new cultures (Croucher, 2011). For example, some researchers (Johnson, Tudor, & Nuseibeh, 2013) argue that Twit ter is a useful form of social media for engaging in political protest for five reasons; Twitter is
- quick, providing real-time information in 280 characters or less 2. free 3. personal 4. highly mobile and resistant to government control 5. capable of providing users with anonymity (p. 129)
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. 50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors 10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. GET THIS PROJECT NOW BY CLICKING ON THIS LINK TO PLACE THE ORDER
CLICK ON THE LINK HERE: https://www.perfectacademic.com/orders/ordernow
Also, you can place the order at www.collegepaper.us/orders/ordernow / www.phdwriters.us/orders/ordernow
Do You Have Any Other Essay/Assignment/Class Project/Homework Related to this? Click Here Now [CLICK ME]and Have It Done by Our PhD Qualified Writers!!