Essay on Electoral Violence
Order ID 53563633773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages to Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
QUESTION 1: Read those essays and write 1000 words about electoral violence.
Horowitz and Lijphart agree that choosing the correct voting institutions is crucial for reducing violence in ethnically split communities. They both believe plurality rules based on first-past-the-post (FPTP) are problematic. They disagree, however, on which alternative electoral system would be the most effective in reducing the danger of inter-ethnic conflict.
(a) Read the following two articles summarizing the Horowitz-Lijphart discussion on whether election systems would best limit conflict in South Africa in the aftermath of apartheid:
i. According to Horowitz (1991), there are some differences between FPTP plurality, proportional representation (PR), and alternative voting (AV). He makes a compelling case for AV.
ii. Horowitz’ proposals are summarized and critiqued in the Lijphart (1991) reading. He fosters public relations.
(b) The city of Aligarh in Uttar Pradesh, India, is described in the Brass (2013) chapter.
i. In 1991, 45% of the city’s population identified as Hindu, 37% as Muslim, and 17% as Scheduled Caste (mostlysocially disadvantaged Hindus).
ii. There have been three distinct types of political competition: Hindu-Muslim polarization (Hindus + Scheduled Castes vs. Muslims), Muslim-Scheduled Caste combination (Muslims + Scheduled Castes against. Hindus), and three-way vote division (Hindus vs. Muslims vs. Scheduled Castes).
(c) Assume Aligarh has 10 seats available for election via FPTP (winner takes all), PR (closed list), or AV (with three preferences).
Explain the following using the Horowitz-Lijphart dispute and evidence from the Brass article:
i. How India’s FPTP system may have resulted in these three types of political rivalry.
ii. How will introducing PR or AV (choose one) affect the risk of inter-group violence?
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. 50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). 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