The Seven Layer Model of OSI
Order ID 53563633773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages to Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
The Seven Layer Model of OSI
Running Head: THE SEVEN LAYER MODEL OF OSI 1
THE SEVEN LAYER MODEL OF OSI 7
The Seven Layer Model of OSI
Kao Prudence
Date: 11/10/2019
The Seven Layer Model of OSI
The Open System Interconnect (OSI) is a very important concept of networking to be able to create a networking system for the university (Sentence makes no sense). “It was created by the international organization of standards 1978 and its main purpose is to help describe the architect of a network so as make it possible for computers to send and receive data from other computers “[1]”(Citation should be outside the quotes and prior to the period). This paper looks at the OSI model of OSI and explains how it relates to real-world networking. It examines how most network devices relate to it (this makes no sense. They devices don’t relate they follow the architect of the OSI Model). Although the model is conceptual, appreciating its purpose and function will help the university in understanding how the protocol suits and network architecture work on an application basis.
The layers of the OSI model
The OSI model is usually built from bottom to top in this order; physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation and lastly application. Every layer of the OSI model has its own special function. The following sections describe the function of each layer.
(I recommend incorporating this into your Introduction. It is accurate with very good grammar. You can loose some of the essay style of writing you have in the intro and just add this to define what you will be discussing from your research.
Physical Layer (Layer 1)
The OSI model layer identifies the networks’ physical characteristics and specifications. This is the type of media used on the network for example type of connector, cables, and pinout format cables.
Topology
This layer shows the type of topology to be applied in the network. Additional characteristics in this layer define voltage used on a given frequency and medium at which the signals that carrying the data operates. They dictate speed and bandwidth of a given medium and the maximum distance over which a specific media type can be applied.
Topology is not an identified section of your selected topic. Your not identifying what the function of Layer 1 of the OSI model. Topology is not a device it is a logical/physical networking architect, not a device.
Datalink Layer (Layer 2)
The Llayer 2 of the OSI model is responsible for acquiring receiving data for layer 1 so that it may be sent to and fro the network layer 3 and sends data from layer 3 to layer 1 (poor grammar. Recommend proof reading). it This layer also detects, corrects errors and hardware addresses (it can not correct hardware addresses. Very poor wording to describe what this layer is actually doing). The word ‘frame’ is usually used to refer to the logical data grouping at this layer (grouping of what data. This is a half thought). It has two distinctive sub-layers:
- Access control (MAC) – MAC address is the physical/hardware address burnt into each network interface card (NIC) sometimes referred to as NIC. It controls accessing the network media (This is a broken sentence “IT controls accessing the network media”. Half thought).
- Link control (LLC) – “this controls the error and flows control mechanism of the data link layer [2]” (citation errors previously noted)
Network Layer (Layer 3).
The primary faction of layer 3 is to giving access to mechanisms (what mechanisms?) by which information can disseminate to and fro different network systems. It does not specify how the information is passed but rather gives the mechanism of doing so. Functions at layer 3 are given through software components (routing protocols) (This sentence makes no sense).
The responsibility of protocols in this layer is to ensure route selection which is to identify the best path the information should go all through the network, unlike the data link layer which uses MAC addresses to pass on the information to LAN (pass to LAN? Makes no sense). It uses software configured addresses and unique routing protocols to pass on to the network. PACKET (why is it all capitalized?) is a term usually used to explain the logical grouping of information at this layer.
Transport Layer
The most important function of layer 4 is to give mechanisms (what mechanisms? The definition of a “mechanism” is as follows; “1. a system of parts working together in a machine; a piece of machinery. 2. a natural or established process by which something takes place or is brought about”. This is not the proper word for what I think you are trying to say).
for transporting data between network devises. It does so in the following ways.
- Checking: protocols at this layer ensure information is disseminated appropriately.
- Addressing: TCP/IP protocols support various network services. Layer 4 also ensures that the information is disseminated to the correct service at the upper layers of this model.
- By lower levels. Segmentation is the responsibility of layer 4.
- At the transport layer: protocols operating at the transport layer can either be connectionless or connection-oriented.
- Control – data flow control is also another responsibility of the transport layer (data flow control refers to how the receiving device can take information transmissions). There are two common ways of flow control used; buffering: while using buffering flow control, information is temporarily stored while waiting for the final device to be made available. A problem can be caused by buffering if the sending device transmits the information rather fast while the receiving device is not ready to manage it; windowing: Data is transferred in groups of segments that need only one acceptance in a windowing environment. The window size can be explained as when the session in between two devices is established (the number of segments that fits into an acknowledgment). “Imagining there is a need of having only one acknowledgment for every segment there would be a great reduction in the overhead [3]”
(Your bullets here are half thoughts and sentences. I recommend you call me at your discretion so I can provide you some hands on recommendations for your writing and research process (760-382-2061). Currently the majority of this section make no sense)
Session Layer (Layer 5)
Managing and controlling the synchronization of information between applications of two devices is the responsibility of this layer (this layer has nothing to do with applications. Your are just adding key buzz words that are not associated with this layer of the OSI model). This is done by breaking, establishing and maintaining sessions (sentencing “This is done”). While the transport layers responsibility is setting up and maintenance of connections between the two nodes, this layer does the same instead of the application (This sentence makes no sense. Recommend proof reading prior to your final submission).
Presentation Layer (Layer 6)
The most important function of this layer is transforming the information that is meant to be received from the application layer into another format. Such conversion is a must because of how the information is formatted so as it can be conveyed all through the network (this makes no sense and is not what this layer does). Applications don’t need to read this conversion. Encryption which is the scrambling of data to make it not possible to be read and decryption which is making a data readable is also an important function of this layer (how is encryption and decryption a part of this layer. You’ve not identified that. You just gave a vauge definition of what they are). Most common data formats handled in this layer may include;
- Files: These are files that need the data to be formatted in a certain way, like GIF, TIFF, and JPEG.
- And This is a bullet, and should not be started with “And” data: This layer also translates data into several formats such as EBCDIC and ASCII. (half thought sentence)
- And video: These files also need to be converted in a different format, like MIDI, MPEG, and MP3.
(This section has not identified what this layer actually does. You have some key words and two definitions but no explaination of what this layer actually does)
Application Layer (Layer 7)
An easy way of defining the functions of this layer is taking requests and information from the users and passing them it over to lower layers of the OSI model. Information coming in is transferred to the application layer which then takes it and makes the information available to the users (this is a very confusing definition.. The common application-layer services are print and file capabilities. This is not true at all! I don’t know where you are getting your research from but this absolutely FALSE.
People confuse the application layer to be representing the applications being used on a system such as a word processor, spreadsheet and web browser but instead, this layer defines the process that enables applications to use the network services. For example, “an application that wants to read a file from a drive, components in this level provides this function [4]” (this is completely a completely false statement as well. You may want to verify your sources and research.
Conclusion
The OSI model has provided is used in networking to show what and how the tasks are handled at each level (this sentencing makes no sense). However, on a practical level, the view gets more complicated. Some of the devices protocol and applications can fit perfectly to form a single layer whereas the others function in many different layers and perform operations affecting each layer. The security of information in the form of encryption can be enclosed to the presentation layer, although the security of the network affects all the layers from the physical layer to the application layer. In the real world, the OSI model is more defined than other models. The OSI model can be used to visualize interactions of networks providing a conceptual framework for both designing better networks and troubleshooting existing networks in the future.
Your conclusion has relevance to this research and makes no sense. I recommend you contact me as soon as possible so we can discuss what you are trying to accomplish with your research. Currently it is make no sense in most of your sections and has numerous false snipets of information.
Grammar has significant errors in every aspect of formatting, spelling, sentencing and punctuation. Recommend proof reading prior to submissions.
References have errors in in-text citations and the bibliography is not in IEEE format as required in the provided instructions. There is a link to IEEE examples in the Contents section of our LEO forum. I recommend your review those.
Below are a few links to some sites that may help you understand what each layer of the OSI model actually does. This submission is significantly flawed with errors.
https://www.networkworld.com/article/3239677/the-osi-model-explained-how-to-understand-and-remember-the-7-layer-network-model.html
https://www.webopedia.com/quick_ref/OSI_Layers.asp
References
[1] D. Lachance, Cybersecurity Analyst+: The OSI Model, 2016
[2] C. L. Australia, J. Andrews, and T. Dean, Network+ Guide to Networks. Cincinnati OH: Cengage Learning, 2015
[3] E. Chou, Mastering Python networking: Advanced networking with Python, 2017
[4] H. Singh, Implementing Cisco Networking Solutions. Packt Publishing, 2017
RUBRIC
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