The relationship between public expenditure and inflation in the United States
Order ID |
53563633773 |
Type |
Essay |
Writer Level |
Masters |
Style |
APA |
Sources/References |
4 |
Perfect Number of Pages to Order |
5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
The relationship between public expenditure and inflation in the United States
The relationship between public expenditure and inflation in the United States is a topic of ongoing debate among economists and policymakers. While there is no consensus on the precise nature of this relationship, there is general agreement that there is some degree of correlation between the two.
At a basic level, public expenditure refers to the amount of money that the government spends on goods and services. This can include spending on social programs, infrastructure projects, defense, and a wide range of other areas. Inflation, on the other hand, refers to the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising.
One way in which public expenditure can contribute to inflation is through the creation of excess demand. If the government spends a large amount of money on goods and services, this can increase demand for those goods and services, driving up prices. This can be particularly true if the government is competing with private sector buyers for limited resources.
In addition to creating excess demand, public expenditure can also contribute to inflation through the creation of excess money supply. When the government spends money, it typically does so by creating new money through the central bank. This can increase the overall money supply, leading to inflation if the increase is not matched by an increase in real output.
Despite these potential inflationary effects, public expenditure can also have a mitigating effect on inflation. For example, spending on infrastructure projects can increase productivity, which can help to keep prices in check. Similarly, social programs can reduce inequality and poverty, which can help to reduce pressure on prices.
The relationship between public expenditure and inflation is further complicated by a number of other factors. For example, the impact of public expenditure on inflation can vary depending on the type of spending. Some types of spending, such as spending on education and healthcare, may have less of an inflationary effect than spending on defense or entitlement programs.
In addition to the type of spending, the timing of public expenditure can also impact its inflationary effects. If the government spends money during a period of economic expansion, it may have less of an impact on inflation than if it were to spend money during a recession. Similarly, the timing of monetary policy interventions can also impact the inflationary effects of public expenditure.
The relationship between public expenditure and inflation is also influenced by a range of external factors. For example, global economic conditions, trade policies, and the actions of other governments can all impact the inflationary effects of public expenditure in the United States.
Despite the complexity of this relationship, policymakers in the United States have generally taken steps to balance public expenditure and inflation. For example, the Federal Reserve has implemented a range of monetary policy tools, such as interest rate adjustments and quantitative easing, to manage inflation levels. Similarly, policymakers have often adjusted public expenditure levels in response to changing economic conditions and inflationary pressures.
In recent years, the relationship between public expenditure and inflation has been particularly relevant in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to the pandemic, the United States government implemented a range of spending measures, including direct payments to individuals and businesses, as well as increased spending on healthcare and social programs. While these measures have been credited with mitigating the economic impact of the pandemic, some economists have expressed concern about their potential inflationary effects.
In conclusion, the relationship between public expenditure and inflation in the United States is a complex and ongoing topic of debate among economists and policymakers. While there is no clear consensus on the nature of this relationship, there is general agreement that public expenditure can have both inflationary and mitigating effects. As such, policymakers in the United States have sought to balance public expenditure and inflation through a range of monetary and fiscal policy interventions.
The relationship between public expenditure and inflation in the United States
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE |
NO RESPONSE |
POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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