The nervous system
Order ID |
53563633773 |
Type |
Essay |
Writer Level |
Masters |
Style |
APA |
Sources/References |
4 |
Perfect Number of Pages to Order |
5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
The nervous system
The nervous system is an intricate and essential component of human biology, responsible for coordinating and controlling virtually every aspect of our bodily functions and behaviors. It serves as the body’s communication network, allowing us to perceive and respond to our environment, as well as maintain internal stability. This complex system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), each playing distinct yet interconnected roles in maintaining our overall health and functioning.
The central nervous system, composed of the brain and spinal cord, serves as the command center of the body. The brain, encased in the skull, is an incredibly complex organ consisting of billions of neurons. These neurons communicate through electrical and chemical signals, forming intricate neural networks responsible for our thoughts, emotions, memories, and decision-making. Different regions of the brain have specialized functions; for instance, the frontal lobe is involved in reasoning and planning, the temporal lobe in auditory perception, and the limbic system in emotions.
The spinal cord, extending from the brain down the vertebral column, acts as a relay system, transmitting signals between the brain and the peripheral nervous system. It also plays a crucial role in reflex actions, allowing rapid responses to potentially harmful stimuli without conscious thought.
The peripheral nervous system comprises a vast network of nerves that extend from the CNS to every part of the body. It is further divided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements and sensory perception, allowing us to interact with our environment consciously. For example, when you decide to move your arm or feel the sensation of a soft touch, it’s the somatic nervous system at work.
Conversely, the autonomic nervous system operates involuntarily and regulates bodily functions crucial for survival, such as heart rate, digestion, and respiration. It is subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, which have opposing effects on many physiological processes. The sympathetic system activates the “fight or flight” response, preparing the body for emergencies by increasing heart rate and dilating airways. In contrast, the parasympathetic system promotes “rest and digest” activities, like slowing the heart rate and aiding in digestion.
Neurons, the fundamental units of the nervous system, are specialized cells that transmit electrical signals called action potentials. These signals travel along the neuron’s axon, a long, cable-like extension, and are transmitted to other neurons through synapses, tiny gaps between neurons. Chemical messengers called neurotransmitters facilitate the transmission of these signals at the synapses.
The nervous system’s proper functioning is dependent on the delicate balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals. Any disruption in this balance can lead to neurological disorders such as epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, or Parkinson’s disease, which can severely impact an individual’s quality of life.
In conclusion, the human nervous system is an incredibly intricate and vital component of our biology. It enables us to perceive and interact with the world around us, regulate our internal functions, and experience thoughts and emotions. Its central and peripheral components work in unison to maintain homeostasis and ensure our survival. Understanding the nervous system is not only crucial for advancing medical science but also for gaining insight into the complexities of human cognition and behavior. It is a testament to the remarkable complexity and adaptability of the human body, continually processing information and responding to the ever-changing demands of our environment.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE |
NO RESPONSE |
POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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