The Need for Personalized Prevention and Treatment
Order ID |
53563633773 |
Type |
Essay |
Writer Level |
Masters |
Style |
APA |
Sources/References |
4 |
Perfect Number of Pages to Order |
5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
Heredity and Drug Addiction: The Need for Personalized Prevention and Treatment
Drug addiction is a complex disorder that results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Research shows that heredity plays a significant role in the development of drug addiction. While genes alone cannot determine whether someone will become addicted to drugs, they can influence how the body responds to drugs and how susceptible an individual is to addiction.
Studies suggest that genes are responsible for up to 60% of an individual’s susceptibility to addiction. The genetic basis for addiction involves multiple genes, each of which contributes to the risk of developing addiction. These genes affect various aspects of an individual’s biology, including the way they metabolize drugs, their sensitivity to drug effects, and their ability to regulate mood and stress.
One of the key genes associated with addiction is the dopamine receptor gene. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a critical role in the brain’s reward system. When someone uses drugs, it triggers a release of dopamine, leading to feelings of pleasure and euphoria. The dopamine receptor gene influences how sensitive an individual is to dopamine, which can affect their likelihood of becoming addicted to drugs.
Other genes that have been linked to addiction include those that regulate stress response, serotonin function, and the function of the opioid system. These genes can impact an individual’s ability to cope with stress and regulate their mood, which can increase their susceptibility to addiction.
While genetics can increase an individual’s risk of addiction, environmental factors also play a critical role. Factors such as childhood trauma, peer pressure, and availability of drugs can increase an individual’s likelihood of using drugs and developing addiction.
Given the complex interplay between genetics and environmental factors in addiction, personalized prevention and treatment approaches are necessary to effectively address the disorder.
One promising approach to personalized prevention is pharmacogenetic testing. This involves analyzing an individual’s DNA to determine how they are likely to respond to different medications. By identifying an individual’s genetic predispositions, doctors can tailor their treatment plan to maximize effectiveness and minimize the risk of adverse effects.
For example, some individuals may have a genetic variant that affects their ability to metabolize certain medications, leading to a higher risk of side effects or an increased likelihood of addiction. By identifying these individuals and adjusting their medication dosages accordingly, doctors can minimize these risks and improve treatment outcomes.
Personalized treatment approaches can also be effective in addiction treatment. Studies have shown that matching individuals to treatments based on their genetic profile can improve treatment outcomes and reduce the risk of relapse.
One example of a personalized treatment approach is medication-assisted treatment (MAT). MAT involves using medications to manage withdrawal symptoms and reduce drug cravings. However, not all individuals respond to MAT in the same way. By analyzing an individual’s genetic profile, doctors can identify which medications are most likely to be effective and adjust dosages accordingly.
Another promising approach to personalized treatment is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT is a type of psychotherapy that helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors. Studies have shown that certain genetic variants can influence an individual’s response to CBT. By analyzing an individual’s genetic profile, doctors can tailor their CBT treatment to optimize effectiveness.
In conclusion, heredity plays a significant role in the development of drug addiction. While genes alone cannot determine whether someone will become addicted to drugs, they can influence how the body responds to drugs and how susceptible an individual is to addiction. Given the complex interplay between genetics and environmental factors in addiction, personalized prevention and treatment approaches are necessary to effectively address the disorder. By analyzing an individual’s genetic profile, doctors can tailor their treatment plan to maximize effectiveness and minimize the risk of adverse effects. This can lead to improved treatment outcomes and a reduced risk of relapse.
The Need for Personalized Prevention and Treatment
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE |
NO RESPONSE |
POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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