SOCY 105A HOW TO WRITE A PRÉCIS
Order ID 53563633773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages to Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
SOCY 105A HOW TO WRITE A PRÉCIS
SOCY 105A: HOW TO WRITE A PRÉCIS
This quarter, you will write four précis (pronounced “pray-see” in both its singular and plural forms). The goal of a précis is to faithfully reproduce the arguments of an original document while reducing its length to about 1/6 the length of the original. For each assignment, you’ll be producing précis of about two pages (approximately 450-600 words).
Prepare to write your précis:
- Read the selection carefully.
- While reading, note the main argument and any supporting material you come across. It can be helpful to underline or highlight important points, or to make notes in a separate notebook.
- You will need to read the selection multiple times. Try to see new things in every reading.
Write the précis:
- Begin to work through the text, condensing the material you have read without leaving out any part of the argument. A helpful approach is to start by organizing and underlining the topic sentences in each paragraph throughout the document. Depending on the theorist, it can also be helpful to check the introduction and conclusion to each section or each long paragraph. These will often provide most of your précis’s skeleton.
- If there are any key terms used by the author of the text, make sure that they are mentioned and indirectly defined within your précis.
- Write as ifyou were the author. Do not write, “In this piece, Marx says ____.” In a précis, you actually trying to beMarx, except that you are translating him in such a way that even your non-Sociology friends can understand the text.
A précis, strictly speaking, does not include your own opinions about the work. Instead, it succinctly encapsulates (a) the theoretical content of the work, (b) the research that went into the work (if applicable), (c) the conclusions of the work, and (d) what about the work is important.
Remember:
- This is not a reflection paper or book report – it’s an exact replica of the original, but shorter, and in different words. Think of it as a translation from “more complicated” to “more basic.”
- Try not to quote the text, and limit paraphrasing unless absolutely necessary (that is, unless there’s no other way to say it).
- Don’t add any opinion or new examples.
- Don’t use expressions like, “This passage says…” You don’t want to “stand apart” from the document, but rather, to reproduce its intent, tone, style and mood in different words.
- DO NOT move past the sentence you are working with until you fully understand it, no matter how much background research you have to do in order to understand it.
- Don’t be attached to a sentence once you have written it. Going back to change, re-edit, adjust, add, remove, etc. is part of writing a good précis.
- Practice to simply ignoring/tossing out any text that doesn’t add to your point.
- All work must be edited for grammar, punctuation, spelling, etc., just as you would a formal paper.
SAMPLE PRÉCIS – Marx (in Calhoun)
Start point: middle of pg. 147 (“The worker become all the poorer…)
End point: top of pg. 154 (“…various hitherto unsolved conflicts)
The value of a worker is inversely proportional to the value of the goods that he produces. The worker makes commodities, and is himself a commodity. When a worker’s labor is used to make something, the labor becomes an object that is alienated from the worker. Estranged labor decreases the worker’s value while increasing his dependence on capital. The worker is alienated from the product of his labor, and the product of the worker’s labor diminishes him.
Nature provides the worker with both his means of subsistence and the raw materials he needs to turn his labor into a product. When the worker uses materials from the external world, he objectifies it and compromises his own subsistence. The worker cannot physically sustain himself without the money he earns through work; these earnings further ensure that he will continue to exist physically as a worker. The value of a worker is inversely proportional to the value of the goods that he produces.
Political economy hides the estranged relationship between the worker and production. Labor creates useful goods for those who can consume them while harming those who make them. The most important relationship for us to consider is that of the worker to production. The worker is not only alienated from the product of his labor, but from the process of production. While he is working, the worker must constantly deny his physical and mental preferences. We can tell that labor is coerced because the worker does not participate in it unless he has to in order to satisfy a need. When a worker labors for someone else, he belongs to that person rather than to himself. The worker then feels free only in performing animal functions such as eating, sleeping, and procreating. If estrangement from the object of the worker’s labor is estrangement from a thing, then the worker’s estrangement from the process of laboring is estrangement from himself.
A third form of estrangement is alienation from species-being. Man is a species-being because he understands himself to be a member of a species. Physically, man lives on the products of nature. Estranged labor separates the life of the species from man’s individual life. The activities at which man labors to maintain his physical existence are not estranged. The life-maintaining activities of man and the life-maintaining activities of animal are distinct because man is conscious of these activities as separate from himself. Estranged labor causes alienation by turning this conscious activity into a mere means for existence. Animals produce only to meet an immediate physical need; man produces beyond immediate need. Man is conscious of the existence of species beyond his own. Man can also create objects of beauty. When man is deprived of the object of his production, he is also deprived of his species-life. If nature is taken away from him, he has no advantage over animals: his spontaneous free activity becomes merely a means for survival.
When men are estranged from their own species-nature, they are also estranged from other men. The products and the labor from which men are alienated must belong to other men. Like the product of labor and the process of laboring, these other men are also alien and hostile to the worker. It seems like private property creates alienated labor, but it is actually alienated labor that creates private property through the estrangement of man from other men.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. 50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors 10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. GET THIS PROJECT NOW BY CLICKING ON THIS LINK TO PLACE THE ORDER
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