Researchers in a Rural Area to Study Substance Abuse
Order ID 53563633773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages to Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
Researchers in a Rural Area to Study Substance Abuse
Using Community Participatory Research to Assess Substance Use in a Rural Community
Kulbok and colleagues (2012) employed a Community Participatory Model to guide the assessment of youth substance abuse in a rural Virginia county and the development of a prevention model.
They integrated multiple assessment modalities that represent current public health nursing competencies. Specifically, this project engaged local community members and leaders with community health professionals in every step of the project, from planning the assessment to developing and evaluating the intervention.
This process allowed public health nurses to integrate their knowledge of the local community with that gained from community partners and to develop a deeper understanding of substance use and its local ecological and cultural context.
Researchers used a geographic information system not only to map the location of youth substance use but also to pinpoint areas where preventive behaviors were more common.
These maps helped specifically target the location for preventive interventions. Perspectives of the youth about key “teen places” were also geographically mapped. The project used the photographic charity Photovoice to capture participants’ descriptions of local strengths as well as concerns and then employed the images to facilitate conversation about the nature of alcohol, tobacco, and substance use in the community.
Qualitative data about youth beliefs about substance use were gathered from focus groups. These data were combined with descriptive information about the local population, the community environment, and local social systems and beliefs to develop a comprehensive picture of the local community.
Involvement of a broad range of community members throughout the project planning enabled a more effective, culturally appropriate, and sustainable intervention to be developed for this rural community.
Data from Kulbok PA, Thatcher E, Park E, et al.: Evolving public health nursing roles: focus on community participatory health promotion and prevention, Online J Issues Nurs 17(2):1, 2012. Retrieved from http://nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Vol-17-2012/No2-May-2012/Evolving-Public-Health-Nursing-Roles.html.
Discuss the major dimensions of a community.
Identify sources of information about a community’s health.
Describe the process of conducting a community assessment.
Formulate community and aggregate diagnoses.
Identify uses for epidemiological data at each step of the nursing process.
Community-Based Research for the Prevention of Anencephaly
A nurse-led investigation in Washington State exposed a cluster of infants born with anencephaly in a three county region between 2010 and 2015.
Subsequent investigation revealed almost five times greater incidence of anencephaly in the counties in question when compared with rates the U.S. (9.5 per 10,000 in select Washington counties vs 2.1 per 10,000 nationwide).
Preliminarily review showed that cases were much more commonly identified among Hispanic infants, suggesting that cultural and genetic factors were contributory.
Among the risk factors identified were increased dietary consumption of non-fortified corn-based foods, rather than wheat-based products. Also noted were defects in folic acid metabolism among mothers of Hispanic ancestry.
Strategies to address and ultimately reduce the number of babies born with anencephaly were to enhance surveillance activities including both active and passive case finding, counseling to reduce risk factors including stressing the importance of folic acid intake, participating in research, and advocating policy change to protect patients from preventable birth defects,
Barron, S: Anencephaly: An ongoing investigation in Washington state. AJN, 116(3), 60-66.
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