Play and Performance in Major League Sports Essay

April 18, 2020

Play and Performance in Major League Sports Essay

Order ID 53563633773

Type Essay

Writer Level Masters

Style APA

Sources/References 4

Language English

Pages 5-10 pages

Description/Paper Instructions

Unit 2: Project Topic and Feasibility Paper

This study aims to research the relationship of MLB (Major League Baseball) position players pay in relationship to their performance through various statistical attributes. Since the measurement differs between pitchers and position players to include the DH (Designated Hitter), I will focus only on the statistical inputs which effect position players only. The dependent variable, player’s pay for position players is determined by independent variables OPS (On Base Slugging Percentage), age, and RBI (Runs Batted In). The most important independent variable in this relationship is OPS for position players, because age will affect the longevity of a player’s contract, but may not affect a player’s immediate annual salary and RBI output may be skewed dependent upon the strength of the batting lineup or the lineup position in which a batter is placed.

Position Player Pay = OPS + Age + RBI

Term Research Paper: Paper must be in APA style

Category Criteria

Purpose Statement and Model
State why the dependent variable has been chosen for analysis

Identify the primary independent variable and defend why it is important

Write the general form of the model

Definition of Variables
Define and defend all variables

State the Expectations for each independent variable

Addressed for each variable

·         How is the variable defined in data source

·         Which unit of measurement is used?

·         For independent variables, why does the variable determine change in the dependent variable?

·         What sign is expected for the independent variable’s coefficient, positive or negative and why

Data Description
Describe the data and identify the data sources

Identify which general sources and from which specific tables are the data taken

Which year or years were the data collected

Are there any data limitations

Presentation and Interpretation of Results
Perform Multiple Linear Regression analysis on data, present regression output and evaluate results (significance of Adjusted R-squared and independent variables)

Write the regression (prediction) equation

Identify and interpret the adjusted R² (one paragraph)

Discussion of the empirical results from the regression analysis

Works Cited Page
Use the proper format to list the works cited under two headings:
Research: a minimum of two sources

Data: a separate citation for each of the variables used in the paper

RUBRIC

Quality of Response No Response Poor/Unsatisfactory Satisfactory Good Excellent

Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. 50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing.

Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6^th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6^th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6^th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6^th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment.

Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors 10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free.

Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6^th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6^th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6^th edition paper. The can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6^th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper.

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