Nature of the problem- Prevalence of teen parenting
Order ID 53563633773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages to Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
Nature of the problem- Prevalence of teen parenting
2
Research Literature Review
Jesslyn Ollivierre
Capella University
SWK5015
Professor: Adam Quinn
Introduction
What parents do matters most to their children and not the age of parents. Children develop well and also grow well when they are raised in warm, flexible, nurturing, and responsive ways. As children develop and grow, their parents are faced with a lot of challenges that they navigate through. Older parents face similar challenges and also teenage parents face the same types of challenges as they raise their children. Teenage parents face some special challenges as they raise their children. Some teenage parents are faced with the challenge of trying to complete their education as they try to raise their children. Teenage parents might also feel judged by others for being parents during their teenage. The overwhelming responsibility of raising their children at their teenage may also be a challenge to these teenage parents (Caragata, 2016).
Nature of the problem- Prevalence of teen parenting
According to WHO. (2014), each year there are about 16 million teen girls giving birth between 15 to 19 years worldwide. This number contributes to about 11% of the total births recorded yearly worldwide. Fertility rates are falling worldwide but do not seem to affect the rate of teenage parenting because about 18 million girls give birth every year under the age of 20. Girls under the age of 15 years contribute to 2 million of this number. Middle and low-income countries contribute to about 90% of this number of global teenage parents with central Africa, West Africa, Latin America, Caribbean, South Asia, Southern Africa, and East registering most teenage parents (UNFPA, 2013).
Changes over time
In 2009, there were about 5 million teenage parents worldwide and this indicated a decline from about 8 million teenage parents recorded in the year 2000. This number was also a quarter less than the highest number of about 9 million registered in the year 1990. The global teenage pregnancy rate in the year 2006 rose but 3% for the very first time in more than a decade. The under-18 parenting rate has decreased by 60% between the year 1993 and the year 2018 worldwide. In 2007, the decline rate was accelerating at high speed. Since 2007, the number has been increasing at high speed up to today (Mollborn, 2017).
Consequences of teen parenting- Perinatal mortality
One of the consequences of teen parenting is perinatal mortality. Many studies have indicated that perinatal mortality incidence has been high in the whole world. Danish perinatal study has shown that perinatal mortality and maternal age have a linear relationship. This linear relationship indicated that perinatal mortality was high among young parents (Alfredsson et al., 2018).
Neonatal Health
Children from teen mothers are likely to have low grams (weight) at birth as compared to those from mothers who are past teenage. This shows that the age of a mother has a linear relationship with the weight of a child with young mothers most likely to have infants with low birth weight. Babies born with low weight have a high risk of mental retardation, death, and other problems.
Neonatal health is also measured by the Apgar score. Apgar score evaluates the overall physical condition of a child at birth. The physical condition includes respiratory effort, irritability, color, and heart rate. A score of 10 is termed the optimal score. An Apgar score of less than 7 is more likely to occur for an infant of a teenage mother as compared to an infant of a past-teenage mother.
Infant health status
Many studies show that there is a curvilinear relationship between the physical health of an infant in its first year and the mother’s age. Infants of mothers above 20 years are healthiest as compared to those of teenage mothers.
Fatal infant accidents
There is an inverse relationship between mortality rates for children under one year caused by accidents, maternal age, educational level, and parity net. Children with mothers who are 24 years and younger have a high risk of accident-caused deaths as compared to those from mothers who are 25 years of age and above. Infant accident mortality is mostly caused by suffocation, food ingestion and/or inhalation, and transport accidents (Alfredsson et al., 2018).
Causes of the problem-Risks associated with teen parenting
One of the risks associated with teen parenting is the teen mother failing to create a strong relationship between her and her child. Teen mothers may not be able to create a bond with their children. Teen mothers are not able to understand what to expect from their babies as they grow. They may also fail to learn and understand their children’s body language and baby’s cues. This affects the mother to the baby relationship.
Another risk associated with teen parenting is the unhealthy relationship between teenage parents and other people close to her. Healthy and strong relationships not only help the teenage but also influence’s the child’s growth. Teenage mothers always experience extra pressures on relationships. For example, less time with a teenage mother’s partner may affect their family relationship.
Failing to complete education for a teenage parent is another risk associated with teenage parenting. A teenage parent may lower her chances of getting a job for failing to finish school and this may affect her life as well as her child’s life. A teenage parent may also lack the connection with her school counselors and teachers for failing to finish school (Card & Wise, 2018).
Interventions
One of the interventions that have been utilized to serve teen parents is educating teenage parents on the importance and how to ensure a strong relationship between them and their children. Teenage parents are advised to ensure they create a strong bond with their children through eye contact, play, smiles, learning about their babies’ behaviors, talking to their children, creating flexible routines for their babies, and learning their babies’ body languages.
Ensuring a good and healthy relationship between teenage parents and other people close to them is another intervention utilized to serve teen parents during their teen parenting period. Teen parents are advised to ensure positive communication with their partners if they have one, practice conflict management in case of any disagreements, ensure a strong connection with friends, join any good playgroup, and contact either their local council or community Centre to get support if needed.
Completion of education is another intervention for teenage parents. As a teenage parent, finishing school is very important to do as it brings a positive effect on your life and your child’s or children’s life. Schools may help teenage parents by ensuring that their study load is reduced, school hours are modified or made flexible, giving them good and healthy support especially from staff and guidance team, enabling them to study at home or help them have a part-time study, and also give them a chance to study in external accredited institutions (Burgdorf et al., 2019).
The gap that exists in trying to intervene in solving the problem of teen parenting is the change of behaviors among teenagers. Many teenage parents do not take any advice from their elders and they end up doing what they feel is good on their side. This has made it very different for the older people and the teenage parents’ parents to intervene and help the teenage parents in parenthood.
Summary
Teenage parenting has become more common globally and the number of teenage parents is increasing every day. Teenage parent seems to be running out of control day by day. Information on how to control teenage parenting worldwide is not enough. There are no studies clarifying or showing the strategies that should be followed in trying to control teen parenting globally.
Teen parenting has been a challenge in society over the years. Many teenage parents are not aware of the risk associated with teenage parenting. Teen parents have insufficient information on the consequences of teen parenting. These parents are also not able to identify the challenges or risks that their children may face due to early-age parenting.
This study will be of great importance to society and also teen parents. The study will help society to gain knowledge on how to intervene and help the teen parents to build a good relationship with their children and also with other people close to them. The study will also help society to know how it can help teenage parents who have not finished their education to do so without affecting their life and the life of their children.
Problem statement
Teenage parenting has become more common globally and the number of teenage parents is increasing every day. Teenage parent seems to be running out of control day by day. Information on how to control teenage parenting worldwide is not enough. There are no studies clarifying or showing the strategies that should be followed in trying to control teen parenting globally.
Guiding research questions
- What is the prevalence of teen parenting?
- How has teen parenting been changing over time?
- What are the consequences of teen parenting?
- What are the risks associated with teen parenting?
- What are the intervenes that have been utilized to serve teen parents?
Inferences
Alfredsson, E. K., Thorvaldsson, V., Axberg, U., & Broberg, A. G. (2018). Parenting programs during adolescence: Outcomes from universal and targeted interventions offered in real‐world settings. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 59(4), 378-391.
Burgdorf, V., Szabó, M., & Abbott, M. J. (2019). The effect of mindfulness interventions for parents on parenting stress and youth psychological outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 1336.
Caragata, L. (2016). 8. The Construction of Teen Parenting and the Decline of Adoption. In Teen Pregnancy and Parenting (pp. 99-120). University of Toronto Press.
Card, J. J., & Wise, L. L. (2018). 13. Teenage Mothers and Teenage Fathers: The Impact of Early Childbearing on the Parents’ Personal and Professional Lives (pp. 211-222). University of Pennsylvania Press.
Mollborn, S. (2017). Teenage mothers today: what we know and how it matters. Child development perspectives, 11(1), 63-69.
UNFPA. (2013). Motherhood in childhood: Facing the challenge of adolescent pregnancy: The State of World Population 2013.
WHO. (2014). Adolescent Pregnancy Fact Sheet. Adolescent Pregnancy Fact Sheet, 1-4.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. 50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors 10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. GET THIS PROJECT NOW BY CLICKING ON THIS LINK TO PLACE THE ORDER
CLICK ON THE LINK HERE: https://www.perfectacademic.com/orders/ordernow
Also, you can place the order at www.collegepaper.us/orders/ordernow / www.phdwriters.us/orders/ordernow
Do You Have Any Other Essay/Assignment/Class Project/Homework Related to this? Click Here Now [CLICK ME]and Have It Done by Our PhD Qualified Writers!!