How Your Genes May Influence Your Risk of Drug Addiction
Order ID |
53563633773 |
Type |
Essay |
Writer Level |
Masters |
Style |
APA |
Sources/References |
4 |
Perfect Number of Pages to Order |
5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
How Your Genes May Influence Your Risk of Drug Addiction
Drug addiction is a complex disorder that is influenced by a variety of factors, including genetic, environmental, and social factors. While environmental and social factors can play a significant role in addiction risk, genetics also plays a crucial role in determining an individual’s susceptibility to addiction. In this article, we will explore how genes may influence an individual’s risk of drug addiction.
Genetic factors can influence addiction risk through a variety of mechanisms, including the regulation of neurotransmitters, the reward pathways, and the stress response system. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals in the brain, and genetic variations can impact the way they are produced, transported, and degraded. For example, variations in the genes that encode for the dopamine receptors, which are responsible for the reward response, have been linked to an increased risk of addiction.
The reward pathways in the brain are also impacted by genetic variations. These pathways involve the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. Genetic variations can impact the sensitivity of these pathways, making some individuals more susceptible to the reinforcing effects of drugs. For example, variations in the genes that encode for the mu-opioid receptor, which is the primary target of opioid drugs like heroin, have been linked to an increased risk of opioid addiction.
Another way genetics can influence addiction risk is through the regulation of the stress response system. The stress response system is involved in the body’s response to stress, and it involves the release of hormones such as cortisol. Genetic variations can impact the sensitivity of this system, making some individuals more susceptible to the stress and anxiety associated with withdrawal symptoms. This can make it more difficult for individuals to quit using drugs, leading to a higher risk of addiction.
Genetic factors can also impact an individual’s response to specific drugs. For example, variations in the genes that encode for enzymes responsible for metabolizing drugs can impact how quickly the drugs are broken down and eliminated from the body. This can impact the drug’s effectiveness, leading to variations in the level of pleasure or reward experienced by the individual. In turn, this can impact the likelihood of addiction.
Additionally, genetic factors can impact an individual’s risk of developing co-occurring mental health disorders. Substance use disorders are often comorbid with other mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. Genetic factors can impact an individual’s risk of developing these disorders, which can in turn impact their risk of addiction.
While genetic factors can play a significant role in addiction risk, it is important to note that genetics is not the only factor that determines an individual’s risk of addiction. Environmental and social factors also play a critical role in addiction risk. For example, growing up in an environment where drug use is normalized or witnessing family members struggle with addiction can increase an individual’s risk of addiction.
In conclusion, genetic factors can play a significant role in an individual’s risk of drug addiction. Genetic variations can impact the regulation of neurotransmitters, reward pathways, stress response system, drug metabolism, and the risk of developing co-occurring mental health disorders. However, it is important to note that genetics is not the only factor that determines an individual’s risk of addiction, and environmental and social factors also play a crucial role. Understanding the complex interplay between genetics, environment, and social factors can help in the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies for addiction.
How Your Genes May Influence Your Risk of Drug Addiction
RUBRIC
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NO RESPONSE |
POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
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5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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