Genomics-guided drug repurposing
Order ID |
53563633773 |
Type |
Essay |
Writer Level |
Masters |
Style |
APA |
Sources/References |
4 |
Perfect Number of Pages to Order |
5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
Genomics-guided drug repurposing
Genomics-guided drug repurposing is a promising approach in precision medicine that involves the use of genomic data to identify existing drugs that may be effective in treating new diseases. This approach is based on the idea that drugs that target specific molecular pathways or biological processes may have therapeutic effects on other diseases with similar molecular profiles.
The process of genomics-guided drug repurposing typically involves several steps:
- Identification of disease-associated genes: Genomic data, such as data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), can be used to identify genes that are associated with a particular disease.
- Analysis of gene expression: Once disease-associated genes have been identified, their expression patterns can be analyzed using techniques such as microarrays or RNA sequencing. This can provide information about the biological pathways and processes that are disrupted in the disease.
- Identification of drug targets: Based on the analysis of gene expression, potential drug targets can be identified. These may include proteins, enzymes, or other molecules that are involved in the biological processes that are disrupted in the disease.
- Identification of candidate drugs: Once drug targets have been identified, existing drugs that target those same pathways or processes can be screened for potential efficacy in the disease of interest.
- Experimental validation: Drugs that show promise in silico can be tested in vitro or in vivo to confirm their therapeutic potential in the disease of interest.
Genomics-guided drug repurposing has several advantages over traditional drug discovery approaches. First, it can significantly reduce the time and cost required to develop new drugs. Since existing drugs have already been approved for use in humans, they have already undergone extensive safety and efficacy testing, which can accelerate the process of clinical development. Second, genomics-guided drug repurposing can identify potential treatments for diseases that have few or no available treatments, or for diseases that are difficult to treat with traditional drug discovery approaches. Finally, genomics-guided drug repurposing can enable personalized medicine by identifying drugs that are effective only in certain patient populations, based on their genomic profiles.
One example of successful genomics-guided drug repurposing is the use of the cancer drug Imatinib in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PAH is a rare and life-threatening disease that causes high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. By analyzing the gene expression patterns of PAH patients, researchers identified a molecular pathway involving the protein platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) that was disrupted in the disease. Imatinib, which is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets PDGFR, had already been approved for the treatment of certain types of cancer. Based on this knowledge, researchers conducted a clinical trial of Imatinib in PAH patients and found that it improved exercise capacity and reduced disease progression.
In conclusion, genomics-guided drug repurposing is a promising approach in precision medicine that has the potential to significantly accelerate the development of new treatments for a wide range of diseases. By leveraging genomic data to identify existing drugs that may be effective in treating new diseases, this approach can enable personalized medicine and provide new treatment options for patients with unmet medical needs. As genomics and other omics technologies continue to evolve, it is likely that genomics-guided drug repurposing will play an increasingly important role in precision medicine.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE |
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POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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Genomics-guided drug repurposing
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