Genetic engineering and pharmacology
Order ID |
53563633773 |
Type |
Essay |
Writer Level |
Masters |
Style |
APA |
Sources/References |
4 |
Perfect Number of Pages to Order |
5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
Genetic engineering and pharmacology
Genetic engineering and pharmacology are two fields that are transforming the way we approach disease treatment and prevention. Genetic engineering is the process of manipulating an organism’s DNA to achieve a desired trait, while pharmacology is the study of how drugs interact with the body. Together, they offer new ways to develop targeted therapies for a wide range of diseases.
Genetic engineering can be used to create new drugs, improve existing drugs, and develop personalized therapies. For example, scientists can use genetic engineering to create proteins or antibodies that target specific disease-causing molecules, such as cancer cells or viruses. These proteins can then be used as the basis for new drugs that are more effective and have fewer side effects than traditional chemotherapy or radiation treatments.
One example of genetic engineering in pharmacology is the development of CAR T-cell therapy for cancer treatment. This therapy involves taking T-cells from a patient’s own immune system, genetically engineering them to produce a protein called a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), and then infusing them back into the patient. The CAR protein enables the T-cells to recognize and destroy cancer cells more effectively. This therapy has shown promising results in treating certain types of blood cancers, and researchers are working to expand its use to other types of cancer.
Genetic engineering can also be used to improve the efficacy and safety of existing drugs. For example, researchers can modify the genetic makeup of bacteria or yeast to produce large quantities of specific proteins that are used in drug manufacturing. This approach can reduce the cost and increase the availability of certain drugs.
Another application of genetic engineering in pharmacology is the development of personalized medicine. By analyzing a patient’s genetic makeup, doctors can identify genetic mutations that may increase the risk of certain diseases or affect the way a patient responds to certain drugs. This information can then be used to develop personalized therapies that are tailored to the patient’s individual needs.
Despite the potential benefits of genetic engineering in pharmacology, there are also concerns about the safety and ethical implications of manipulating an organism’s DNA. For example, the use of genetically modified organisms in drug development raises questions about the potential long-term effects on ecosystems and the potential for unintended consequences. Additionally, the use of genetic information in personalized medicine raises concerns about privacy and the potential for discrimination based on genetic factors.
To address these concerns, researchers are developing new methods for controlling and monitoring genetically modified organisms and ensuring the ethical use of genetic information. For example, there are strict regulations in place to ensure the safety of genetically modified organisms used in drug development, and researchers are working on developing new methods for tracking the spread of genetically modified organisms in the environment. Additionally, there are laws and regulations in place to protect the privacy and confidentiality of genetic information in personalized medicine.
In conclusion, genetic engineering and pharmacology offer new ways to develop targeted therapies for a wide range of diseases. Genetic engineering can be used to create new drugs, improve existing drugs, and develop personalized medicine. However, concerns about the safety and ethical implications of manipulating an organism’s DNA underscore the need for careful monitoring and control of these technologies. As these fields continue to evolve, it will be important to balance the potential benefits with the potential risks to ensure that they are used in a responsible and ethical way.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE |
NO RESPONSE |
POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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Genetic engineering and pharmacology
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