Forensic Anthropology: An Overview
Order ID |
53563633773 |
Type |
Essay |
Writer Level |
Masters |
Style |
APA |
Sources/References |
4 |
Perfect Number of Pages to Order |
5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
Forensic Anthropology: An Overview
Physical anthropology’s branch of forensic anthropology is concerned with identifying and analyzing human skeletal remains. These professionals have received training in the extraction of important data from bones, teeth, and other skeletal components. They use their knowledge to respond to inquiries about the identification, age, sex, ancestry, and general health of the subject.
Establishing the biological profile of unidentified people is one of the main responsibilities of forensic anthropologists. This entails ascertaining crucial elements including ancestry, sex, and age at death. Cranial morphology, which offers a plethora of knowledge about these aspects, is crucial to this process. For instance, dental traits can be used to determine age, and the size and shape of the skull can reveal information about the person’s sex and lineage. Forensic anthropologists can start to create a thorough profile of the deceased, assisting in their identification, by carefully evaluating skull morphology.
Cranial Morphology: Understanding the Skull
The study of the dimensions and composition of the human skull is known as cranial morphology. It includes several different elements, such as cranial dimensions, characteristics, and abnormalities. Forensic anthropologists need to understand cranial morphology in order to make inferences about a person’s traits and background based on the physical characteristics of their skull.
Skull Anatomy: It’s essential to have a fundamental understanding of skull anatomy before delving into the complexities of cranial morphology. The cranium and the mandible (lower jaw) are the two major components of the human skull. The frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital bones are among the other bones that make up the cranium. Each of these bones contributes to the skull’s overall shape and displays unique characteristics that are valuable for forensic analysis.
Sex Identification: In forensic anthropology, determining a person’s sex is one of the main uses of cranial morphology. The size, form, and structure of the skulls of males and females differ considerably. Men, for example, typically have larger, stronger skulls with prominent brow ridges and thicker bones. Contrarily, the skulls of females tend to be thinner, more delicate, and have smoother outlines. These characteristics are carefully examined by forensic anthropologists to provide a preliminary sex determination for a person.
Estimation of Ancestry: Estimating an individual’s ancestry or ethnic background sometimes involves using cranial morphology. The form of the skull, the prevalence of particular features like nasal aperture morphology, and dental traits are all examples of how different cultures around the world have various cranial qualities. A person’s ancestry can be determined by forensic anthropologists by comparing these qualities to reference databases and taking the deceased person’s location into account.
Age Estimation: Another crucial forensic anthropological work is figuring out the age of death. Age estimation can be greatly aided by cranial morphology, especially when considering dental development and cranial sutures. Age-related changes in cranial suture fusion and dental eruption patterns are reliable indications. Forensic anthropologists can determine if a person was a child, adolescent, or adult at the time of death by looking at these characteristics.
Trauma Detection: In addition to demographic data, cranial morphology is essential for spotting indicators of trauma or injury. Gunshot wounds, skull fractures, and other cranial traumas all leave distinct traces on the bone. To distinguish between perimortem (occurring just before death) and postmortem (occurring after death) trauma, forensic anthropologists use their understanding of cranial morphology. To ascertain the reason and method of death during criminal investigations, this distinction is essential.
Forensic anthropologists may turn to facial reconstruction when it is impossible to determine an individual’s identity using more traditional techniques. A key component of this procedure is cranial morphology. Using information on the thickness of the soft tissues at various spots on the face and a detailed analysis of the size and shape of the skull, forensic artists can approximate the deceased’s facial features. By giving a likeness of the person, this visual depiction might help in identification.
Forensic Anthropology: An Overview
RUBRIC
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Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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