European Urban Dwellers in The Middle Ages Discussion Replies
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53563633773 |
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Essay |
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Masters |
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APA |
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4 |
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5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
European Urban Dwellers in The Middle Ages Discussion Replies
Description
RESPOND TO EACH POINT OF THE FOLOWING:
- Faxian’s trip, which took place around 400 CE, aimed at exploring the Buddhist sites in India. His narrative promotes values such as religious devotion, humility, and the pursuit of spiritual enlightenment. Through his accounts, he emphasizes the importance of pilgrimage, the reverence for sacred places, and the significance of adherence to religious principles. Faxian’s narrative reflects the religious and spiritual focus of his time and the widespread influence of Buddhism during the early Silk Road period.
On the other hand, Marco Polo’s journey occurred around 1300 CE, towards the end of the Silk Road’s active period. His narrative promotes values such as curiosity, adventure, and exploration. Marco Polo’s accounts focus on the marvels he encountered in the lands he visited, including new cultures, customs, and riches. His tales highlight the vastness of the world and the possibilities of trade and wealth. Marco Polo’s narrative reflects the shifting focus towards exploration, trade, and worldly pursuits during the later stages of the Silk Road.
Despite the time gap and different purposes of their journeys, there are some similarities in Faxian and Marco Polo’s narratives. Both travelers express a sense of wonder and fascination with the places they visit, portraying themselves as curious observers of foreign lands. They also encounter challenges and difficulties during their journeys, showcasing resilience and adaptability. However, the differences in their narratives are also evident. Faxian’s focus on spiritual enlightenment and religious sites contrasts with Marco Polo’s emphasis on worldly riches and exploration.
In summary, Faxian and Marco Polo’s narratives promote different values based on the purposes and times of their journeys. Faxian’s description emphasizes religious devotion and spiritual enlightenment, reflecting the early Silk Road period’s holy influence. Marco Polo’s narrative, on the other hand, centers around curiosity, adventure, and exploration, reflecting the changing focus towards trade and worldly pursuits during the later Silk Road period.
- What buildings that come from societies are remarkably interesting because they can tell you what they needed to have to accommodate themselves. These buildings were made possible by the fact that the information that flowed into this city came from around the world. Their advancement in the numerical systems allowed them to create schematics more accurately and therefore more detailed structures. Another detail the buildings can educate us about is the change of religious influences. Earlier buildings did not have Islamic influence while later built structures are influenced by Islam. The structures were also larger. The largest Mosque ever built during this time was built during the Abbsasid Caliphate. Compared to contemporary Baghdad, the evidence shows these changes happened. Three-dimensional structures can be the best type of evidence, the reason is there could be writings, pictures, etc. etched on the walls. They also show the extent of the cultures ability to manipulate their environment, what type of mining tools they used, if they made cement like mixtures, or if they just relocated existing stones. Written documents can be excellent primary sources, however most written documents are only a one-sided perspective. Written documents themselves are extremely important when it comes to the details of the lifestyle of the civilians. They educate us on their laws, societal norms, and religion or other beliefs. Three-dimensional and written documents are both equally important, just one or the other would not be able to accurately represent a bygone era of time.
- Considering artistic style and subject matter, what insights do the paintings give you into the concerns, hopes, and preoccupations of Song China during the Northern and Southern dynasties? The first insight is the Landscape painting which became a dominant genre during the Song dynasty, giving a big appreciation and connection to nature. The artists wanted to capture the tranquility of the natural world, like the misty mountains, flowing rivers, and the secluded valleys. The landscape was filled with philosophical and spiritual meanings, highlighting the harmony between nature and humanity. When looking at the paintings, it allowed you to escape from all of the worries of the world, and a desire for a simpler existence. Then there is the Human Figures in Nature which features small, solitary figures. These figures were usually scholar, poets, or recluses, representing the ideal of the cultivated individual who sought seclusion from the political and social turmoil of the time. The Song Dynasty witnessed the rise of Ink Wash painting, which uses monochromatic ink and brushstrokes to create expressive compositions. The Song Dynasty had a strong emphasis on education and scholarship. The paintings show a society deeply influenced by Confucian ideals, with an appreciation for nature.
What do you find most striking about each painting? With the Landscape painting, I like how the ink wash technique create textures, shading, and depth that appears to have a movement with the image. And with the Ink Wash Painting and the Human Figures, the natural landscape does it for me.
Why? Because I feel like it highlights the individual’s relationship with the surrounding environment.
What might be limits to using art to understand the concerns, hopes, and preoccupations of a society? I feel that different viewers will have different meanings or messages from the same paintings based on their experiences, cultural background, and perspectives.
- The primary sources assigned for this discussion offer a variety of insights into theconcerns, hopes, and preoccupations of European urban dwellers in the MiddleAges. These sources, ranging from legal documents to personal narratives, providean intimate look into the daily lives of people living in medieval towns and cities.One of the first things that stands out is the importance of guilds in urban life.The medieval guilds were influential organizations that regulated trade andprotected the interests of their members. The sources reveal that guilds weredeeply ingrained in the fabric of urban society, with members often referred to as”citizens” and their guild halls serving as important meeting places and social hubs.The sources also demonstrate the power of guilds, as seen in the statutes of theGuild of Merchant Taylors of Ipswich, which detail strict regulations and penaltiesfor breaking the rules. Another dominant theme in the sources is the role of thechurch in urban life. The records of the Doge of Venice and the account of Guibertof Nogent shed light on the close relationship between church and state inmedieval cities. The appointment of bishops and archbishops by the Doge ofVenice highlights the intertwining of secular and religious power in medievalsociety. Additionally, the construction and maintenance of churches andcathedrals were major concerns for urban dwellers, as seen in the financialrecords of the Guild of St. Edmund of Southampton. Legal documents, such as thestatutes of the Guild of Merchant Taylors and the deposition against the Bishop ofLaon, offer a glimpse into the everyday issues facing urban residents. Thesesources reveal concerns over trade regulations, disputes over property and land,and the importance of upholding social and moral values. They also give insightinto the relationships between different social classes, as seen in the Guildstatutes which distinguish between masters, journeymen, and apprentices. On theother hand, the personal narratives and memoirs offer a more subjectiveperspective on the everyday concerns and experiences of urban dwellers. Forexample, Guibert’s account of his interactions with a local noblewoman and thetensions between the lay and religious communities highlights the complex socialdynamics of medieval cities. Similarly, the anonymous citizen’s letter to the Dogeof Venice sheds light on the issues and grievances of ordinary citizens and theirinteractions with the ruling powers. Overall, while legal documents provide a moreobjective view of urban life, personal narratives and memoirs offer a moreintimate look into the hopes, fears, and everyday realities of medieval urbandwellers. Together, these sources provide a multi-faceted understanding of theconcerns and preoccupations of European urban dwellers, revealing a complexand dynamic society driven by the forces of religion, trade, social hierarchy, andpersonal relationships.
European Urban Dwellers in The Middle Ages Discussion Replies
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE |
NO RESPONSE |
POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: The student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly address the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explain key concepts or ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points or claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not fully explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts or ideas, though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims or points, but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content, identifying and explaining most of the key concepts and ideas, using correct terminology, explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates an exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content, identifying and explaining all of the key concepts and ideas, using correct terminology, explaining the reasoning behind key points and claims, and substantiating, as necessary or useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points) |
Zero points: The student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out of 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements, and/or the format of the citations is not recognized as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable The student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of the research collected for the paper. |
10 out of 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. There are frequent errors in the APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out of 20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used effectively to support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in references and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to provide compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. The APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses references above the maximum required in the development of the assignment. |
Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
Zero points: The student failed to submit the final paper. |
5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas or points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or there are numerous grammatical, spelling, and punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering, and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, and punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation; and logical organization; and the essay is error-free. |
Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: The student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: The student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: The appearance of the final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. The font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too much or too little paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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