Discussion Board Forum Response Paper
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53563633773 |
Type |
Essay |
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Masters |
Style |
APA |
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4 |
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5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
Discussion Board Forum Response Paper
Discussion, Board, Forum, Response, Paper
Reply to at least 2 of your classmates’ threads, in at least 150 words, building upon the original thread or offering a contrasting viewpoint. The replies must be substantive, and must further the discussion.
Please respond at least 150 words to the following:
Describe the three designs and when is it appropriate to use each design?
Robson and McCartan state that fixed designs are associated with collections of group possessions and with general tendencies (McCartan and Robson, p. 103, 2016). Fixed research designs aren’t given many variables and they take the average of the group rather than the individual outcome.
The only variable fixed designs takes into account are the ones that can be measured such as a person, place, thing and/or situation involved. One case study that was conducted involved comparing long working hours to sickness and absence of employees. The fixed research method was used to study utilized date for a specific time period and the employees working there through a merger (Bernstrom, 2018).
When using flexible research design, there are three different research strategies that are utilized, these include case study, ethnographic studies and grounded theory studies (McCartan and Robson, p. 144, 2016). Flexible research design starts with an idea or a specific issue, than through trial and error without any specific predetermined variables. Qualitative outcomes are more likely the result of flexible research design.
A mixed research design is the combination of a fixed and flexible research design that leaves room for more research. Characteristics of a mixed research design, according to Robson and McCartan, include the following:
- Quantitative and qualitative methods within the same research project.
- A research design that clearly specifies the sequencing and priority that is given to the quantitative and qualitative elements of data collection and analysis.
- An explicit account of the manner in which the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the research relate to each other
- Pragmatism as the philosophical underpinning for the research (p. 177, 2016)
Mixed methods can be thought of as a triangulation based framework for research designs. Mixed methods research focuses on triangulation that spans multiple methodologies (Turner et. Al, 2015).
How are the designs similar?
Both designs allow for qualitative and quantitative research studies.
How are the designs different?
Fixed designs of research don’t allow for many variable involving the study. The studies are compared, usually involving a quantitative answer but the variables are given. Flexible design research allows for all variable and the data collected could change based on said variables.
What specific methods are related to each of the designs?
Fixed designs of research tend to use surveys, interviews, but only specific questions, controlled observations and controlled experiments based off of the research question being asked. Flexible designs of research use many different variable of research, interview, but can sway from the questions based on the answers, uncontrolled environment and focus groups.
Please respond at least 150 words to the following:
Research Design Strategies
One important aspect of doing research is chosing which research design strategy will be utilized (Robson & McCartan, 2016). The three research designs are fixed, flexible, and multi-strategy (Robson & McCartan, 2016).
Fixed
The logic behind fixed designs, is that they are “based on organizing, standardizing, and codifying research into explicit rules, formal procedures, and techniques so others can follow the same linear plan and reconstruct the study” (McGregor, 2018, p. 210). The results are typically used to create a generalization about the group (Robson & McCartan, 2016).
Flexible
The text describes the flexible design as one that elvolves during the process of collecting data (Robson & McCartan, 2016). This design is usually focused almost soley on gathering qualitative data (Robson & McCartan, 2016). This method allows for a bit more deviation from the original research questions (McGregor, 2018).
Multi-strategy
The mutli-strategy design, also know as mixed methods, is a combination of both the fixed and flexible designs (Plano Clark & Ivankova, 2016; Robson & McCartan, 2016). Meaning that this design incorporates both quanitative and qualitative research methods (Plano Clark & Ivankova, 2016; Robson & McCartan, 2016).
Byrne (2017) speaks to the idea of triangulation, and how important it is that knowledge is based on more than one “mode of inquiry” (p. 4). It is, however, important to be clear about “which research questions call for the use of which methods (quantitative, qualitative, or both)” (Plano Clark & Ivankova, 2016, p. 47).
Compare and Contrast
The difference between the fixed and flexible designs can be boiled down to the fact that the fixed designs rely heavily on quantitative data, while flexible designs rely heavily on qualitative data (Robson & McCartan, 2016).
According to Pultz (2018), a fixed research design can’t accomidate new qualtitative information that a researcher might come across in the research process. The multi-strategy design, however, is a way to take the best of both the fixed and flexible methods and utilize those features as part of the research design (Robson & McCartan, 2016).
Specific Methods
Fixed
Studies associated with a fixed design are are usually experiments where quantitative data is collected in the effort to prove a hypothesis (Byrne, 2017).
Flexible
On the other hand, flexible studies are used to gain insight into opinions, motivations, and reasoning (Byrne, 2017). Typical studies associated with flexible designs are focus groups, case studies, interviews, ethnographic studies, and grounded theory studies (Byrne, 2017; Robson & McCartan, 2016).
Multi-Strategy
Byrne (2017) states that a perfect example for when to use the mixed method would be to find a pattern utilizing a quantitative data collection method, then in turn utilize a qualitative method to find out how applicable that data is.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE |
NO RESPONSE |
POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
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30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
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10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
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7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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