Order ID 53563633773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages To Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
Carlsson, Fredrik, et al. “Long-run effects of family policies: An experimental study of the Chinese one-child policy.” (2018). 88-90
In this journal, detailed evidence on the experimental effects of the Chinese one-child policy on people’s lives more so the Chinese citizens and their behaviours and characteristics are outlined. The journal explains the evidence collected from three central provinces in China. Testimonies were obtained from the people born before the introduction of the policy and those who were born after the plan. The effects on the families are seen in instances where they were not barred from having children but reducing the number of children to one. Family planning among usage of other contraceptives is seen getting in the families. The impacts are seen in the families where they are not working as hard as they used to do before the introduction of OCP since they have the notion that they are feeding fewer people in the family as opposed to before the opening of the OCP. Having one child before 1979 was a family choice, but now it is a mandatory practice that is punishable from the government.
Donaldson, John B., et al. Demographics and FDI: Lessons from China’s one-child policy. No. w24256. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2018. 61-63
John B. Donaldson explains the lessons from the Chinese after the introduction of the OCP in China. He goes on to explain that after the opening of the policy, the ratio between the capital and labor increased which is relatively compared to the case of India. The argument of this policy was that reduction of the number of children would help the families save more and be in a position to invest. The population decrease was aimed in the urban areas a factor that would also help solve the challenge of overcrowding and congestion. The reduction of the growth of the labor force led to increased capital per worker which was inherited from the earlier generations.
Goodkind, Daniel. “Formal comment on “Assessing the impact of the ‘one-child policy’ in China: A synthetic control approach”.” PloS one 14.11 (2019). 37-40
Goodkind in his work starts by telling us that in almost 50 years, the parents in China were faced with measures that didn’t make it favourable to have more than one child due to the hard economic times. He also asks for various opinions on how the population of China would have been had the policy of having one child not be implemented. He also explains the infertility cases have also been on the rise since the couples in China have opted to use various methods of family planning to avoid punishment from the government due to violation of the policy. He sums up by stating that the system has both advantages and disadvantages.
Hvistendahl, Mara. “Analysis of China’s one-child policy sparks uproar.” (2017): 283-284.
The author starts by saying that the introduction of the OCP has prevented the birth of over 400 million children who could have been born between the years 1980 -2016. This has been arrived at after comparing the rates in China and other countries. The information from the observation has raised uproars as people view it as a violation of human rights.
Kim, Sung Won, Kari-Elle Brown, and Vanessa L. Fong. “How flexible gender identities give young women advantages in China’s new economy.” Gender and Education 30.8 (2018): 982-1000.
The author starts by defining the OCP impacts on the gap between the male and the females. Couples were afraid of giving birth to females as they preferred to give birth to males. This has impacted the flexibility of young women in the current economy to encourage young women to take up roles in the marketplace. In earlier days, boys have educated more girls, but this has changed, promoting the young women by giving them positions in the economy
References
Carlsson, Fredrik, et al. “Long-run effects of family policies: An experimental study of the Chinese one-child policy.” (2018). 88-90
Donaldson, John B., et al. Demographics and FDI: Lessons from China’s one-child policy. No. w24256. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2018. 61-63
Goodkind, Daniel. “Formal comment on “Assessing the impact of the ‘one-child policy’ in China: A synthetic control approach”.” PloS one 14.11 (2019). 37-40
Hvistendahl, Mara. “Analysis of China’s one-child policy sparks uproar.” (2017): 283-284.
Kim, Sung Won, Kari-Elle Brown, and Vanessa L. Fong. “How flexible gender identities give young women advantages in China’s new economy.” Gender and Education 30.8 (2018): 982-1000.
Topic: What have been the impacts of China’s one-child policy?
Can you imagine that China had a population of 818.3 million in the year 1970? Fifty years later, the people in China is 1.440 billion.
After World War II, the Chinese governments advised their citizens to have as many children as possible as they believed the children would bring more money in the country for economic development, produce more food, and be in a position to build a strong army. The population increased, abruptly attracting the government’s attention, and measures for population control were put in place (Hvistendahl, 2017). In 1979, the one-child policy was instituted. This was done through birth control measures and by the government offering economic incentives to families with fewer children. The purpose of this research project is to analyze the impacts of China’s one-child policy.
Description of the topic
The 1979 policy had impacts on people’s lives and their general activities. The fertility rates of people started to decrease after 1980. Birth control measures such as contraceptives and pills reduced the fertility rate as the citizens were afraid of violating the policy (Goodkind, 2019). The decrease in fertility rate translated to a reduction in birth rates hence slow population growth. There started to be a massive difference in birth and death rates.
Males were generally preferred more than females for some reason, including females would be tempted to give birth hence increasing the population, and males would be more productive in economic development and help in building a strong army (Zhang, 2017). Citizens had to overcome strict and harsh enforcement procedures of the policy like abortions and forced sterilization. There resulted in an aging crisis as the workforce reduced, impacting the economy.
Research questions
Who was affected by the policy? What was the effect of the plan on the economy? What are the merits and demerits of the system?
Literature review
The policy attracted the attention of the Chinese citizens with contradicting views where some opposed while others supported the system. All the citizens were directly affected since they had to cope with the new norm (Yang, 2018). Family affairs were disrupted, which resulted in economic changes. The economy was positively and negatively affected as the government’s expenditures were reduced while the family expenses decreased as the population decreased (Mehra, 2018). This implied that they had a lot of capital for investments, but the human resources to handle the tasks reduced. The policy had various advantages and disadvantages at the same time; the plan helped to transform the role of women in the society where they were involved in other economic matters. The government also offered financial incentives to families with one child, boosting industrial production, and other traditional benefits of having one child (Fong, 2018). More job opportunities were available as the population was low (Fong, 2018). There were also disadvantages attributed to the one-child policy, where the use of contraceptives was mandatory and to extreme points of sterilization (Liu, 2017). The system resulted in gender disparity as there are more males than females in china; this leads to social issues like marriage since males are more than females; hence some men don’t marry since they lack spouses. After the parents’ deaths, children were left with no support since their family web is shallow (Liu, 2017). The policy resulted in burdening the child when his or her parents aged since only one child in the family hence the burden of taking care of the aged parents. To conclude, the policy violated human rights according to the United Nations.
References
Carlsson, F., Lampi, E., Martinsson, P., Tu, Q., & Yang, X. (2018). Long-run effects of family policies: An experimental study of the Chinese one-child system.
Donaldson, J. B., Koulovatianos, C., Li, J., & Mehra, R. (2018). Demographics and FDI: Lessons from China’s one-child policy (No. w24256). National Bureau of Economic Research.
Goodkind, D. (2019). Formal comment on “Assessing the impact of the ‘one-child policy’ in China: A synthetic control approach.” PloS one, 14(11).
Hvistendahl, M. (2017). Analysis of China’s one-child policy sparks uproar.
Kim, S. W., Brown, K. E., & Fong, V. L. (2018). How flexible gender identities give young women advantages in China’s new economy. Gender and Education, 30(8), 982-1000.
Liu, Y. (2017). Are women rising as half of the sky? An empirical study on women from the one-child generation and their higher education participation in contemporary China. Higher education, 74(6), 963-978.
Zhang, J. (2017). The evolution of China’s one-child policy and its effects on family outcomes. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(1), 141-60.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. 50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors 10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. The can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. GET THIS PROJECT NOW BY CLICKING ON THIS LINK TO PLACE THE ORDER
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