Part 1: Sources
List a minimum of SIX sources which you have found to be reliable and appropriate for academic use which are relevant to your essay title.
Electric Vehicles — Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. (2010). Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. Retrieved 8 February 2018, from https://www.c2es.org/content/electric-vehicles/
Reducing Pollution with Electric Vehicles | Department of Energy. (2016).Energy.gov. Retrieved 8 February 2018, from https://energy.gov/eere/electricvehicles/reducing-pollution-electric-vehicles
Cleaner Cars from Cradle to Grave (2015). (2015). Union of Concerned Scientists. Retrieved 8 February 2018, from https://www.ucsusa.org/clean-vehicles/electric-vehicles/life-cycle-ev-emissions#.Wny2JjN0eCQ
Greenblatt, J. B., & Saxena, S. (2015). Autonomous taxis could greatly reduce greenhouse-gas emissions of US light-duty vehicles. Nature Climate Change, 5(9), 860–863. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2685
Zhou, G., Ou, X., & Zhang, X. (2013). Development of electric vehicles use in China: A study from the perspective of life-cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Energy Policy, 59, 875-884.
Zivin, J. S. G., Kotchen, M. J., & Mansur, E. T. (2014). Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of marginal emissions: Implications for electric cars and other electricity-shifting policies. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 107, 248-268.
Lee, D. Y., Thomas, V. M., & Brown, M. A. (2013). Electric urban delivery trucks: Energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and cost-effectiveness. Environmental science & technology, 47(14), 8022-8030.
Part 2: Source Evaluation [Explanation of why you have selected the sources for use.]
Complete the table below for FOUR of the sources you have found.
EVALUATION 1
Reference: Department of energy (2016)
Why have you chosen this source? Refer to the currency, authority, purpose, reliability of evidence or data, objectivity, use of expected academic conventions.
Although it has no author, the source is a government website so it’s very reliable and its objective on the topic I’ll be talking about and that is electric cars produce less emission for the climate than other cars, and also the language is academic because it’s a government website.
How is the source relevant to your title? What are the useful points / arguments made in the text?
This study focuses on reducing pollution with electric vehicles and mostly that’s the main point in my title. One useful point is that electric cars produce less emission for the climate than other cars. The main argument made is that electric vehicles produce fewer life cycle emissions than conventional vehicles.
EVALUATION 2
Reference:
Why have you chosen this source? Refer to the currency, authority, purpose, reliability of evidence or data, objectivity, use of expected academic conventions.
I have chosen this source because I find it reliable because it’s an organization and gives great data and information, while the source talks about the center for climate and energy solutions and this source uses an academic language and the language is academic because it’s an organization.
How is the source relevant to your title? What are the useful points / arguments made in the text?
This source talks and describes electric cars, states different types of electric cars and talks about the benefits of electric cars. Most useful point is that the source shows a research by Idaho national laboratory shows an operating cost between electrical vehicles and normal vehicles that uses gasoline.
EVALUATION 3
Reference:
Why have you chosen this source? Refer to the currency, authority, purpose, reliability of evidence or data, objectivity, use of expected academic conventions.
The author is Jack Loughran and he is a journalist, the source is an organization which makes it reliable and uses an academic language and at the same time it is current.
How is the source relevant to your title? What are the useful points / arguments made in the text?
This source is relevant to my title by giving evidence about how electric cars could actually increase greenhouse gas and show studies about that. A useful point is that it’s possible that greenhouse gas could actually increase while proving a costly for taxpayers.
EVALUATION 4
Reference:
Greenblatt, J. B., & Saxena, S. (2015). Autonomous taxis could greatly reduce greenhouse-gas emissions of US light-duty vehicles. Nature Climate Change, 5(9), 860–863. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2685
Why have you chosen this source? Refer to the currency, authority, purpose, reliability of evidence or data, objectivity, use of expected academic conventions.
This source was chosen because it is a publication in a peer reviewed journal, as such, it is credible. Moreover, the article uses scientific language
How is the source relevant to your title? What are the useful points / arguments made in the text?
This source explores the impact of the use of autonomous battery powered vehicles as taxis in New York city. The city is one of the largest settlements in the world, and it is a major producer of greenhouse gases, especially its gasoline-run taxis. The author lists the current figures of greenhouse emissions and goes further to calculate the expected percentage reduction in emissions if the green taxis are adopted.
Part 3: Essay Outline
Title: The Pros and Cons of Electric Cars in the Reduction of Greenhouse Emissions
Introduction:
Electric cars are an emerging technology involving the propulsion of cars using electric motors that derive their energy from onboard rechargeable batteries. These cars are notable for their minimal effect on the environment as they do not produce the greenhouse gases that are characteristic of vehicles that are powered by internal combustion engines.
Background Information:
Electric cars gained popularity in the 20th century as they preceded the proper development of internal combustion engines. The improvement of the internal engine combustion technology led to a decline of the use of electric cars in the mid-20th century. The rising global temperatures caused by greenhouse gases have triggered the use of environmentally friendly transportation means. Electric cars are currently emerging as a preferred mode of transport for environmentally conscious individuals.
Your position / thesis statement: The use of electric cars should be encouraged because they do not emit harmful greenhouse gases.
Route Map: This essay will explore the viability of electric vehicles as an environmentally friendly mode of transport. It will also investigate the possible instances of greenhouse gas emissions involving electric vehicles, especially during their manufacture or in their power sources.
Paragraph 1: Purpose To introduce and define electric vehicles
An electric car is a type of vehicle that is driven by a motor using electric energy. Electric cars use a bank of batteries that are typically charged before or after using them.
Topic sentence: There are 3 types of electric vehicles
Main Point /Supporting points / Evidence, example or data / in-text citation [information prominent]
1) Extended Range Electric Vehicles (https://www.c2es.org/content/electric-vehicles/)
2) Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (https://www.c2es.org/content/electric-vehicles/)
3) Battery Electric Vehicles (https://www.c2es.org/content/electric-vehicles/)
Those are the three different types of electric vehicles
Paragraph 2: Purpose To explain why people need to use Electric Vehicles instead of Normal Vehicles
Topic sentence: Environmental consciousness and ease of maintenance are the major reasons for the shift to electric vehicles
Main Point /Supporting points / Evidence, example or data / in-text citation [information prominent]
1) To have unpolluted society. Girod, B., van Vuuren, D. P., & Hertwich, E. G. (2014). Climate policy through changing consumption choices: Options and obstacles for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Global Environmental Change, 25, 5-15.
2) Increase Greenhouse Gas. (https://eandt.theiet.org/content/articles/2017/06/electric-car-subsidies-can-increase-greenhouse-gas-emissions-reduce-efficiency-study-finds/ )
3) Reduce effeciency. (https://eandt.theiet.org/content/articles/2017/06/electric-car-subsidies-can-increase-greenhouse-gas-emissions-reduce-efficiency-study-finds/ )
Paragraph 3: Purpose To develop the argument that electric vehicles are better than normal vehicles.
Topic sentence: To maintain everyone and convince them to use electric vehicles instead of normal vehicles.
Main Point /Supporting points / Evidence, example or data / in-text citation [information prominent]
It is very easy for experts to give advice about how to move to electric cars while most people wouldn’t agree or wouldn’t get convinced about moving to electric cars.
-Batteries and charging ( Foley, A., Tyther, B., Calnan, P., & Gallachóir, B. Ó. (2013). Impacts of electric vehicle charging under electricity market operations. Applied Energy, 101, 93-102.)
-lightweight and propulsion materials ( https://energy.gov/eere/vehicles/vehicle-technologies-office )
-Technology integration( https://energy.gov/eere/vehicles/vehicle-technologies-office )
-Advanced combustion systems and fuels( https://energy.gov/eere/vehicles/vehicle-technologies-office )
-Reports and publications ( https://energy.gov/eere/vehicles/vehicle-technologies-office )
Paragraph 4: Purpose The technology for electric vehicles has improved
Topic sentence:
The current battery manufacturing standards and technology for electric cars has been enhanced. This has resulted in cheaper cars.
Main Point /Supporting points / Evidence, example or data / in-text citation [information prominent]
The use of electric cars has risen because of their cost-effectiveness (Greenblatt & Saxena, 2015). Greenblatt & Saxena (2015) state that about 63 to 82%of driven vehicles will be electric by 2030.
Paragraph 5: Purpose
Topic sentence:
Main Point /Supporting points / Evidence, example or data / in-text citation [information prominent]
Paragraph 6: Purpose
Topic sentence:
Main Point /Supporting points / Evidence, example or data / in-text citation [information prominent]
[Add additional paragraphs as required]
Conclusion: This essay has defined how electric cars are better for our society than normal cars and why.
Summary of main points:
Electric cars produce less greenhouse emissions
Electric cars are cheaper to maintain.
Electric cars are quitter
The technology for electric cars has improved
Restate Thesis statement: Electric vehicles are better for the environment due to their lower greenhouse gas emissions.
Final comment: There is a lot of literature detailing facts and figure to support the use of electric vehicles. The technology heralds a better future for humanity and for the environment.
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