NUR 4667 NURSING IN GLOBAL HEALTH SYSTEMS – INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL HEALTH & GLOBAL NURSING

MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL HEALTH & GLOBAL NURSING

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. The enjoyment of the highest standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic, or social condition.

Governments have a responsibility for the health of their peoples which can be fulfilled only by the provision of adequate health and social measures.

World Health Organization Constitution (2006)

While providing some of the world’s best health care and demonstrating a strong commitment to public health issues such as the creation of a sanitary infrastructure, the United States has long regarded personal health care as a private matter—not as a defined right over which the government has responsibility… (p. 126).

Holtz, C. (2008). Global health care: Issues and policies. Sudbury, MA: Bartlett and Jones Publishers

RECOMMENDATION: Read a book about a nurse’s experience in global health.  CLICK on the

PDF file: BOOK REVIEWS, and read the reviews or summaries about the books. These books are modestly priced and may be purchased from Amazon.com. ENJOY!

MODULE 1 OBJECTIVES

At the completion of this module, the student will:

Analyze the principles and goals of global health, specifically the “right” to health as perceived by the World Health Organization and the United States. (EVALUATION: Postings: Health as a “right” and peer response)

Formulate an opinion and discuss the ethical issue of nurse migration as it relates to the global nurse shortage. (EVALUATION: Postings: Nurse migration and peer response)

Select a country with high adult and child mortality for an END-OF-COURSE term paper which 1) summarizes factors that influence the health of its citizens, including its health care system and delivery; 2) determines health priorities; and 3) discusses the role of nurses and nursing in those health priorities. (EVALUATION: Paper: Country with High Mortality Rates

MODULE 1 LEARNING ACTIVITIES

• READ the following:

Chapter 1: Principles and Goals of Global Health (Global Health 101)

Chapter 4: Ethical and Human Rights Concerns in Global Health

Quotes from the World Health Organization and Holtz (see above)

Pamphlet: Wanted: 2.4 million nurses, and that’s just in India (2010). Kathryn Senior, World Health Organization

(CLICK on the PDF file: NURSES WANTED)

RECOMMENDED: Chapter 19: Global health. In K.K. Blais & J.S. Hayes (2015). Professional nursing practice: Concepts and perspectives (7^th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

• VIEW the following six (6) minute video (CHOOSE English):

WHO Health Professions Network & Office of Nursing and Midwifery and the Nightingale Initiative for Global Health (2008). Health professions’ role in Primary Health Care, featuring nurses and midwives – Now more than ever for a healthy world! http://www.who.int/hrh/nursing_midwifery/films/en/index.html

• POST on the Discussion Board and RESPOND to the following two (2) ethical issues below (post your opinion) on the Discussion Board (EACH POSTING = at least 50 words) and ALSO RESPOND to two (2) other student postings per instructions below (EACH POSTING = at least 50 words). In other words, you are required to have a total of four (4) postings by the Assignment due date.

1. The debate over health care as a “right” is at the heart of the U.S. health care reform discussion. The statements (quotes) at the beginning of this module indicate that WHO and the U.S. disagree about health care being a “right.” Do you think health care is (or is not) a “right?” If a “right,” who should pay for it? Provide a rationale with your opinion (at least 50 words). Then, RESPOND to one (1) peer posting on health care as a “right.”

1. The pamphlet highlights the fact that the nursing shortage is global—not just national (U.S.). To alleviate their own nursing shortage, should developed (higher income) countries continue to recruit nurses from developing (lower/middle) countries? What about the health impact on the citizens because there are fewer nurses in the lower/middle income country? What about the nurse’s personal and professional opportunities and/or freedom to re-locate in a higher income country? What is your

opinion? Provide a rationale with your opinion (at least 50 words). Then, RESPOND to one (1) peer posting on nurse migration.

• See Guidelines for Posting on the Discussion Board (Do NOT use the TURNITIN folder).

GUIDELINES FOR POSTING ON THE DISCUSSION BOARD

1. POST YOUR MESSAGE DIRECTLY ON THE DISCUSSION BOARD: Do NOT use or upload an “attachment.”

1. BE SUBSTANTIAL: Messages should relate to the subject matter, provide information, opinions or questions the subject matter, or explore, explain, or expand on a concept or connection. Messages may relate the subject matter to something personal in your life, but remain academic in your focus.

1. BE LOGICAL: A good message should contain a logical argument. This means it should contain a clearly stated conclusion supported by premises, reason, evidence or grounds of belief.

1. BE CONCISE: To write an effective message, use a single paragraph–two at most. Try to get the point and focus of your message across so that it is clear what you are saying.

1. BE PROVOCATIVE: A good message is one that prompts others to reply, concur, or object to.

1. BE TIMELY: A good message appears in the context of similar messages in the message log.

1. BE GRAMMATICAL: A good, clear, concise message should be well-written and free of typos and sentence fragments.

1. BE COURTEOUS:

• Think through and re-read comments before posting. If you use humor, can it be misinterpreted without the accompanying gestures or voice inflections?

• Be nice. You can disagree, but refrain from personal attacks or derogatory, demeaning, or harassing comments.

• Be open to be challenged or confronted on your ideas or prejudices, and encourage others to share their ideas even when you may disagree.

• POSTINGS EVALUATION: See rubric on Course Content Page

Health as “right” & peer response;” Nursing migration & peer response (100 pts) Content (20 pts); Statement of Major Points (20 pts); Integration of Relevant Literature or Experiences (20 pts); Open to Alternatives (20 pts); Views Statements or Data Critically (20 pts)

END-OF-SEMESTER TERM PAPER

• CHOOSE one (1) country from the table below and read the requirements regarding your assignment. At this time you do not have to inform the professor which country you have selected; however, you should begin searching for information on your selected country in the table below:

LIST OF SELECTED COUNTRIES

WITH HIGH ADULT AND CHILD MORTALITY RATES

• WRITE a paper (at least 1500 words) on the country that you selected. THE PAPER IS DUE AT THE END OF THE SEMESTER PER THE ANNOUNCED DUE DATE. See the Nursing Student Writing Guidelines Checklist for paper requirements. The paper must address the following (use the sections below as headings to organize your paper):

Title of Paper (top of page 2, centered)

Country with High Mortality Rates: : [Name of Country]

PAPER HEADING: [Level 1] Introduction: [Name of Country] Why selection?

PAPER HEADING: [Level 2] Location/Geography

PAPER HEADING: [Level 2] Population

PAPER HEADING: [Level 2] Government

PAPER HEADING: [Level 2] Economy

PAPER HEADING: [Level 2] State of Health (Diseases/Violence/Accidents)

PAPER HEADING: [Level 2] Culture/Traditional Medicine

PAPER HEADING: [Level 2] Healthcare System and Delivery Include:

Governmental health-related agencies and health regulatory organizations. [Level 3] An example is the Ministry of Health and/or other governmental agencies in the country that are health-related.

Healthcare personnel and hospitals. [Level 3] Total number of nurses and physicians and/or the number of nurses and physicians per 100,000 population. In addition, the number of hospitals/hospital beds found in the country.

Nursing education system and accrediting organizations. [Level 3] Number (and name) of schools that train nurses, if any. Note if nursing schools are accredited or standards are overseen by a governmental agency.

Nursing associations. [Level 3] (if any). Do internet search. See also module 2 (Sigma Theta Tau International [STTI] and International Council of Nurses [ICN]) websites for links to nursing organizations in various countries.

PAPER HEADING: [Level 2] Health Priorities Based on the above information and global health organizations, including non-governmental organizations, what are the health priorities for this country? Discuss.

PAPER HEADING: [Level 1] Conclusion: Nursing Implications How can the nursing profession and nurses working in this country play a part in addressing those priorities? Discuss.

PAPER HEADING: [Level 1] References [top of new page, centered]

To get you started on your paper:

1. Do internet and library searches using the name of your selected country and the sections listed above as “keywords.”

2. Find the official websites of the global organizations/agencies and look up your selected country for the most current health information and statistics. Begin with the World Health Organization (WHO). See Module 2.

2. Determine which organizations/agencies (United Nations, non-governmental, nursing) are active in your selected country. See Module 2.

2. Investigate the situation of nurses and nursing (nursing personnel, nursing organizations/associations, migration, etc.) in your selected country. See Module 2.

1. Use the above headings in your paper. In-text citations and a reference list MUST be found in your paper.

• In-text citations and a reference list MUST be found in your paper. See the Nursing Student Writing Guidelines Checklist for APA formatting.

• UPLOAD completed paper (file) into the Assignment TURNITIN folder by the due date.

• WRITING EVALUATION: See rubric on Course Content page

Term Paper: Country with High Mortality Rates (100 pts)

Introduction; Location/Geography; Population; Government; Economy; State of Health; Culture/Traditional Medicine; Healthcare System and Delivery; Health Priorities; Nursing Implications

Critical Thinking Skills (15 pts); Content Development (15 pts); Organization (15 pts)

References (15 pts); Format (15 pts); Computer/Technology Skills (25 pts)

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