New Orleans LA Windshield Survey Assignment
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Windshield Survey Assignment: New Orleans, LA
University of South Alabama
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Windshield Survey Assignment: New Orleans, LA
A community, at its foundation, is a working system that functions through the interdependent relationships within it. Windshield surveys are used to assess a community through analysis of its core, subsystems, and perceptions (Anderson & McFarlane, 2015). New Orleans, LA is one of these communities, and the focus of this paper. Further exploration of New Orleans will include evaluation of its people, history, environment, government, communication, health, and services. Through review of current research data and community member interviews, we can identify the strengths and problems this community faces. The development of two community-based associated diagnoses will be discussed, which will include a supplemental plan of action. The purpose of this survey is to provide the community with valuable information about itself in order to foster a community system of improvement and synergistic growth. Very nice introduction!
Community Core
History
New Orleans, LA is located at the base of the Mississippi river on the Gulf Coast of the United States. It was founded in 1718 by the French and was alternately under French and Spanish rule until its sale to the United States in 1803 (Britannica, 2019). As a port city with multiple regions of influence and immigration, New Orleans has been referred to as a melting pot of people and culture. The city has kept its historical look throughout time, based on French and Spanish styled architecture. Even new development is designed to preserve its original, historical aesthetic. Neighborhoods are diversely integrated with pockets of lower income housing mixed in with expensive housing. With its highly sociable atmosphere, talking to community members on the streets comes with relative ease. Upon discussion with many locals, I found residents to take great pride in their city and its rich history and culture. A pronounced emphasis was put on food, music, and the community as a whole. It is almost impossible to discuss or research the history of New Orleans without mention of Hurricane Katrina, which devastated the community in 2005. Its impact will be felt both physically and emotionally for decades to come. Good information!
Demographics
New Orleans is comprised of a diverse group of people from a wide variety of backgrounds and ages. Seemingly, the population is not homogenous. The most recent US census indicates a total population of 393,292 residents (Census, 2018). Of this number, approximately 34% are Caucasian and just under 60% are capitalize Bblack (Census, 2018). There are 16,793 veterans, and foreign-born persons account for just 5.9% of the population (Census, 2018). A decent? sized homeless population exists in the city as evidenced by direct observation. The majority of households average 2.42 people per household (Census, 2018).
Ethnicity
Historically, many cultures blended to form New Orleans: Cajun, creole, French, Spanish, German, Latino, Irish, and African (Britannica, 2019). This diversity can be seen all over the city through many different festivals, foods, and music. The infamous Jazz & Heritage Festival, which occurs for two consecutive weekends each year, is a celebration of culture with music, food, and art from all the different backgrounds that give this city its unique charm. Mardi Gras is another annual festival that honors this city’s rich cultural makeup. On any given weekend of the year you can find a festival, and most ethnic groups share their own version with the community (i.e. Italian festival, Irish festival, etc.). With its large French background, the city also offers many French immersion schools. Very cool information!
Values and Beliefs
New Orleans is a community with strong values and beliefs. As a community that has endured many hardships together, faith is deep rooted and the basis for the strength and resilience of the city. Much owed to its French and Spanish influence, Catholicism is the predominant religion here. Nearly 36% of the population is Roman Catholic (World Population Review, 2019). Many other Christian denominations are also represented here, as well as a small but strong Jewish community. Voodoo is an alternative spiritual practice synonymous with New Orleans. Although not practiced much anymore, voodoo’s roots are imbedded in the city and frequent homage is displayed. The city is filled with historic churches and temples, statues and monuments. Culture, art, and heritage flood the city with their presence. New Orleans is visually a mixed community. Some houses are manicured to perfection with landscaped lawns and others are neglected and run down. Part of what makes New Orleans so interesting is this intermingling of diversity. Good information!
Community Subsystems
Physical Environment
Stretching across 169.4 square miles, New Orleans is a relatively compact metropolitan city (Census, 2018). Located below sea level, off the gulf coast, and sandwiched in between two large bodies of water, New Orleans hosts extremely humid weather. The climate is considered subtropical with mild winters, hot summers, and high volumes of rain. This weather provides the city with its lush bounty of green foliage and iconic hundred-year oaks. Since New Orleans was built over 300 hundred years ago, many houses were arranged very close to one another and still are to this day. While there isn’t a ton of (Too informal) land and green space among the houses, the city has several large parks with ample green space and wild life. The tourist-adorned French Quarter is nestled in the heart of downtown and surrounded by densely packed sky scrapers and the infamous Louisiana Superdome. References?
Health and Social Services
As a highly impoverished community with a poor education system and a culture based largely on heavy food and drinking, New Orleans is plagued with disease, both acute and chronic. This dense patient population is served by an extensive health care system. Several high-volume hospitals can be found within the city, including a level 1 trauma center and a VA hospital. Both state-funded and private hospitals exist, as well as several low-income healthcare clinics, mental health facilities, nursing homes, and urgent cares in nearly every neighborhood. Multiple traditional medicine practices that specialize in homeopathic treatments, herbal remedies, and acupuncture are established within the city limits. Additionally, shelters are accessible to the city’s homeless population. Beyond the inner city lies many neighboring suburbs that offer additional health and social services. References?
Economy
New Orleans is a thriving city, despite the destruction caused by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The city has done extensive work to restore and rebuild its community. Job and population growth have been on the rise and are predicted to increase further in the next couple of years (Data Driven, 2018). Employment opportunities are greatest in energy, international trade, healthcare, and tourism. Despite its promising growth, however, New Orleans’ unemployment rate is higher than the national average at 4.7% (Census, 2018). This can likely be attributed to the poor education system and 25% poverty rate (Census, 2018). Many government assistance programs are offered and utilized to help impoverished residents. Food stamps, known in Louisiana as Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), are one of the most popular and prevalent forms of assistance. Almost all grocery stores and markets accept food stamps, as advertised by large promotional signs in store windows.
Transportation and Safety
New Orleans is a relatively easy city to get around in. In addition to its compact layout, transportation is simple with the city bus and the streetcar. Both are affordable forms of public transportation that can get you almost anywhere in the greater metropolitan area. Recently, a new law was passed requiring wheelchair accessibility on streetcars for the disabled. Like most places, the preferred transportation method is by car, mainly private but also by taxi/uber. Another popular transportation method is by bike. New Orleans is very bike friendly with bike racks at businesses and designated biking lanes on every major street. Safety, on the other hand, is one of New Orleans’ biggest issues and drawbacks. With one of the top crime rates in the country, in general, people do not feel safe here. Gun violence, homicide, and robbery are among the serious crimes committed here regularly. All standard municipal protective services are utilized to keep residents safe. Of note, however, the New Orleans police department has been operating on an officer shortage ever since Hurricane Katrina in 2005 (Data Driven, 2018). Citywide sanitation services are provided, and the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality monitors air quality.
Politics and Government
Despite being in a red state, New Orleans is a predominantly democratic community. With that said, a strong population of republican conservatives still co-exists. The governmental jurisdiction is overseen by the city’s elected mayor. Currently, the office is held by democrat Latoya L.(first initials only) Cantrell. The New Orleans City Council works in collaboration with the mayor and is comprised of seven members, five from each district and two elected by popular vote (City of New Orleans, 2019). The citizens of New Orleans are very active in local government. Posters supporting candidates and policies are displayed all over the city in people’s yards.
Communication
Communication and socializing are a huge part of New Orleans culture. The community is very engaging and involved with one another. Just walking the street, comma you will find yourself greeted by perfect strangers willing to strike up friendly conversation. People gather socially all over the city. There are many parks, pop up markets for art and food, and festivals every week. Some argue the New Orleans saints football team is a religion, bringing the community together every Sunday during football season. The city newspaper is the Advocate, available now only through subscription. The Gambit is another local publication printed once a week and distributed throughout the city for free. WWL, a local broadcast station, televises a daily news loop on repeat all day. Community members rely on nola.com for the latest news and information. Most people have televisions, radios, and computers in their homes. However, cell phones are the most widely used form of communication with capabilities for direct conversation, messaging, and gathering information from the internet.
Education
New Orleans is home to many grade schools and libraries, both public and private. Unfortunately, the education system here is quite poor and somewhat broken. With a public school reputation of inferior education and unsafe classrooms, private education has become a very popular option for residents, despite its high cost. Private schools appear more well-kept than the public school buildings, although a recent effort to renovate many of the public schools is underway. Extracurricular activities are offered and encouraged at most schools and have been used as an effective way to keep students engaged in school. Most schools also employ a school nurse to provide onsite health services. Despite efforts to clean up the New Orleans school system, the high school graduation rate is still only 72% (Data Driven, 2019). Private schools are mostly self-governed, in accordance with state regulations. Whereas, public schools are governed by the Orleans Parish School Board and overseen by the superintendent; all are elected positions. Good information. Sad to see their graduation rate.
Recreation
With Its mostly temperate climate, New Orleans has plenty of recreational options for residents all year round. The city is filled with parks in nearly every neighborhood, including two massive city parks thatn span acres and offer many recreational activities such as golf, tennis, bike trails, water sports, horseback riding, amusement rides, and museums. The Audubon zoo and Aquarium are both located centrally within the city. Additionally, many membership centers and private societies exist for children and adults to engage in recreation such as the Jewish Community Center (JCC) and various carnival krewe’s. New Orleans primary source for recreation most likely comes from its many festivals and celebrations. On any given weekend, you are bound to find at least one festival where community members gather and celebrate life.
Community Perceptions
The Residents
In general, New Orleans residents are very passionate about their community and hold deep love and pride for their city. In the same breath, there is a lot of frustration about local government corruption, crime, and a broken education system. It seems that despite the city’s downfalls, residents cherish their city. In speaking with locals, many expressed that the city’s deep tradition, rich culture, and care-free attitude cannot be matched. From interviews with locals from all different age groups and backgrounds, I learned that many were displaced after Hurricane Katrina but returned home with hopes to rebuild out of pure love for their city. This level of unconditional commitment to this city is what makes it so magical and has fueled its rebirth. Older adults remain dedicated to their traditions and deep roots here, while young people are drawn to the city for its vibrant culture and social scene.
My Perceptions
New Orleans seems to be a city of great dedication and resilience. The attitude of the city and commitment from its people appear to be its greatest strength. Despite overcoming tragedy and destruction, New Orleans seems to be thriving. People are drawn to this city from all over the world for its food, music, art, and atmosphere, and the local community takes pride in this. Poor education and a corrupt political system are a breeding ground for crime and poverty. These low education and high poverty rates, coupled with the easy-going attitude of the city and propensity to indulge, stimulate numerous health concerns for the community. Substance abuse, diabetes, obesity, traumatic injury from crime, and STIs are all potential health risks for this population.
Nursing Diagnosis 1
Risk for traumatic injury from violent crime related to the city’s high crime rate and associated injuries as evidenced by inner city ED reports and the correlation between poverty, poor education, and crime.
Objectives:
- Improve the educational system with increased funding from budget adjustment and fundraising, teacher recruitment and incentives, and increased safety on campuses.
- Provide ED violent injury patients with support groups and other resources
- Increase law enforcement presence and safety cameras throughout the city
Rationale: Victims of crime violence are represented proportionately higher among those in poverty (Hsieh & Pugh, 2017). Priority to alleviate this problem must be made by community leaders and members with a focus on improving living conditions and education in poor areas. Additionally, establishing community programs to aid in reducing violence, employing more police officers, and stricter gun policies are proven ways to achieve positive results (Francis, 2018).
Nursing Diagnosis 2
High prevalence of sexually transmitted infections, including but not limited to HIV/AIDS, within the New Orleans community related to low education and poor management/treatment of infections as evidenced by reports from inner city STI clinic as well as statistics.
Objectives:
- Educate all community members, especially adolescents, on the prevention, symptoms, and consequences of STIs.
- Increase distribution of condoms throughout the community.
- Community health clinics to offer more resources to aid those in need/without insurance and promote screening.
Rationale: According to the New Orleans Office of Public Health, New Orleans is number one in the nation both for new cases of HIV as well as congenital defects from syphilis (P. Fink, personal communication, April 10, 2019). Community health support is imperative to combat this growing problem. More frequent and thorough education on sexually transmitted infections, increased efforts by community outreach programs, and condom promotion are proven tactics to decrease STIs in communities (Mahat & Scoloveno, 2018).
References
Anderson, E., & McFarlane, J. (2015). Community as Partner (8th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
United States Census Bureau (2018). Quick Facts: New Orleans, LA. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/neworleanscitylouisiana
Data Driven (2018). Results NOLA. Retrieved from https://datadriven.nola.gov/results/
Encyclopedia Britannica (2019). New Orleans, LA. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/place/New-Orleans-Louisiana
City of New Orleans (2019). New Orleans City Council. Retrieved from https://council.nola.gov/home/
World Population Review (2019). New Orleans, LA. Retrieved from http://worldpopulationreview.com/us-cities/new-orleans-population/
Mahat, G., & Scoloveno, M. (2018). Effectiveness of adolescent peer education programs on reducing HIV/STI risk: An integrated review. Research & Theory for Nursing Practice, 32(2), 168–198. http://dx.doi.org.libproxy.usouthal.edu/10.1891/1541-6577.32.2.16
Francis, M. (2018). A narrative inquiry into the experience of being a victim of gun violence. Journal of Trauma Nursing, 25(6), 381-388. http://dx.doi.org.libproxy.usouthal.edu/10.1097/JTN.0000000000000406
Hsieh, C., & Pugh, M. (2017). Poverty, income inequality, and violent crime: A meta-analysis of recent aggregate data studies. Criminal Justice Review, 18(2), 182-202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073401689301800203
Interviews
Pauline Fink, RN, Community Health Nurse
(504) 658-2540
New Orleans Office of Public Health
517 Rampart St. New Orleans, LA 70112
This is a state funded clinical facility, mainly funded through grants. It is an extension of the state public hospital. Pauline serves as clinical supervisor for the personal health unit. This unit serves the underprivileged community and offers affordable/free healthcare services to those in need. The focus of this unit is sexually transmitted infections with assistance in prevention, screening, and treatment.
Lauren Nash, RN, Emergency Room Charge Nurse
(504) 988-5711
Tulane Medical Center
1415 Tulane Ave. New Orleans, LA 70112
This is a privately funded, for-profit hospital located in the heart of inner-city New Orleans. Because of its location, it serves as the main hospital in the city and treats the highest population of underprivileged patients. The ED is a certified level 1 trauma center, one of only two in the entire state. Lauren runs the nursing side of the Emergency Department, which specializes in trauma patients. Victims of gun-shot wounds, stabbings, and battery are frequent here.
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