Indus Valley Blog Post
The Indus valley civilization, also known as the Harappan civilization was the earliest recorded built-up society within the Indian subcontinent (Britannica). The civilization lasted from 3300 to 1100 BCE, with the southernmost settlements lasting far beyond 1700BCE (Khan Academy). The civilization consisted of two major cities: Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, which may have interchangeably acted as the capital cities, and hundreds of minor towns and villages (Britannica).
Art and Architecture
The Indus valley civilization exhibited flourishing architecture and a thriving art industry (Khan Academy). The most popular items of the Indus Civilization were the small unique steatite seals that portrayed the images of animals (Britannica). The cities also employed sophisticated planning and building technologies, including the use of waterways and baked bricks (Khan Academy)
Animal Seals from the Indus civilization.
(Britannica)
Technology
The inhabitants of the Indus valley were technologically advanced as they used highly accurate tools to measure weights and mass, they also used uniformly crafted bricks for construction (Khan Academy). The civilization also developed new metallurgy techniques which they used to produce items made of lead, bronze, tin, and copper (Khan Academy).
A bronze bracelet from the Indus valley. (British Museum)
Economics
The residents of the ancient Indus civilization engaged in trade via maritime and sea routes that traversed much of Asia (Khan Academy). The civilization complemented their agricultural activities with trade where they imported minerals from as far as Oman and Afghanistan (Britannica).
Indus Civilization Trade Routes
(Khan Academy)
Religion
Like most of the other civilizations, the residents of the Indus valley believed in a fertility goddess; however, they did not construct any temples to worship and perform religious rites for their deities (Khan Academy). The inhabitants depicted their religious figures on their seals.
Seals depicting animals being used for religious rites. (Khan Academy)
Politics
The similar organization of the two main cities of the Indus civilization points to the possibility of a central authority that was based in either of the two cities (Britannica). Moreover, the standard weights and measures also suggest a central authority that governed the civilization (Khan Academy).
Different weights used in the Indus valley (British Museum).
The Indus civilization thrived due to its well-organized social system that entailed workers such as artisans and traders. The civilization’s downfall was precipitated by erratic weather patterns that caused some of the rivers to decline (Khan Academy). It is also thought that an attack by an Aryan tribe was the final act that led to the demise of the civilization (Khan Academy).
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