Diverse Ecosystem of Microorganisms Essay Assignment Help
Order ID 53563633773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages to Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
Diverse Ecosystem of Microorganisms Essay Assignment Help
Module Overview
The most numerous inhabitants of our planet are life forms whose size is far smaller than the resolution of the human eye. These microscopic organisms, generically called microbes, play a vital role in the ecology of the earth, and within our own bodies. In fact, we have a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms within us made up of about 100 trillion organisms in our digestive tract alone.
In terms of cells, microbes out-number our own skin cells, muscle cells, neurons, and blood cells by about 300 to one! To learn more about what a microbe is, and our own microbiome, follow this link to a recent report from the American Academy of Microbiology, FAQ: Human Microbiome. You will need to read this to make your posts in your first Discussion.
As we learn more about the microbes in our microbiome, we will concentrate our attention on many of the microbes that are capable of altering our internal environment, making us sick. Infectious disorders are those caused by potentially dangerous microorganisms, called pathogens.
Infectious diseases have been a major threat to human health throughout history. Infections have killed more humans than all our armed conflicts combined. During most of our history, infections have been the main cause of death throughout the world. In spite of our spectacular accomplishments in the diagnosis, prevention, and management of these disorders, infections continue to be a major threat to the individual and collective health.
Even though the mortality from infections has significantly decreased in the past decades, new challenges are emerging which require the clinical skills and sagacity from all primary health providers. Diseases which were considered to be on the verge of eradication are resurging with more aggressiveness. As with most health problems, prevention and early diagnosis are the most effective approaches to deal with these challenges.
Let us begin this course by defining some basic terms:
Microbiology is the branch of biology that studies microscopic life forms; their structure, taxonomy (classification), genetics, evolution, ecology, etc.
Clinical Microbiology, the main subject of this course, is a branch of the basic sciences in a health-related curriculum devoted to the study of microbial pathogens and their interaction with humans. Conventionally, Clinical Microbiology also studies viruses (incomplete life forms) and metazoan worms (that are not microscopic). In summary Clinical Microbiology is the discipline that deals with infectious disorders, in general.
Defense Mechanisms. The human body uses a series of strategies to prevent the entrance of these potentially dangerous microorganisms; these strategies are collectively called defense mechanisms and include the natural barriers, the process of inflammation, and the immune response. Were it not for these mechanisms we would be easy prey of the myriad pathogens that surround us.
Pathogen. Any agent that is capable of causing disease. As applied to Microbiology, pathogens are the infectious agents.
Microorganisms. Microscopic life forms. Viruses (incomplete life forms) are also included in this category. Infectious agents of importance to humans include viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and multicellular infectious agents called metazoa (or helminths). Each of these groups of microorganisms is studied by a specific branch of microbiology: Virology, Bacteriology, Mycology, and Parasitology.
Host-microbe relations. The mutual interdependence of different life forms is called symbiosis. The interaction among two or more life forms may be beneficial for both, a mutualism, but in most cases one form will live at the expense of another. This type of symbiosis occurs between an infected human and the infectious agent and is called parasitism.
Types of Infectious Agents
Microbiology was a study of living organisms whose existence was difficult to prove to the general public. One of the reasons for this was that people could not see the organism; that is, not until the microscope was invented. Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1674 to 1724) was one of the pioneers in the making of microscopes. His observations are among the first recorded of bacteria, yeasts, and protozoa.
Edward Jenner is another important pioneer who made progress in developing vaccinations. Edward Jenner was a country doctor working in England around 1798. He observed that individuals who were exposed to cowpox, a virus related to smallpox that infects cattle, did not contract the smallpox virus. He was the first to use an artificial exposure to the cowpox virus to stimulate the human immune response. Edward Jenner’s early work put to use one of the first vaccinations for smallpox.
Although vaccines were used relatively early in the history of the science of microbiology, it is interesting to note that there were no systematic approaches to identifying the infectious agents until the end of the 19th century. Another pioneering scientist, Robert Koch (1890), is known for developing postulates that helped establish the agent for a particular disease. These postulates can be used for humans, animals, and plants for establishing the disease agent. They are still used today even though some complications and modifications must be used for certain obligate parasitic organisms (parasites that must live within a host).
Required Reading
Every Home page has valuable information that you are required to read. Your first two Case Assignments will focus on reading and accomplishing some research on the Home pages.
Your required reading can be found in your Microbiology etext available at https://www.boundless.com/microbiology/textbooks/boundless-microbiology-textbook/
For your first Case Assignment, IN YOUR OWN WORDS, answer these questions reviewing the content in your Course Overview within the Syllabus:
What will MIC 100 emphasize?
Why is microbiology important to health professionals?
How does death by infection compare to death by warfare?
What issues surrounding antibiotic resistance are named?
What STD epidemics are named?
What websites contain excellent resources for this class?
Now answer these questions regarding the material contained on the Module 1 Home Page:
Complete this sentence: Infections have killed more humans than…
What is the difference between Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology?
Name the three defense mechanisms listed.
What is a pathogen?
What Host-Microbe relations are described?
Where do you find the assignments for all of your SLPs?
Cells are the smallest unit of life. All cells are bound by a cell membrane which separates the internal parts of the cell from the external environment.
For the final part of this Case assignment, describe cell theory (hint: there are three components). Briefly describe the work of two scientists that contributed to this theory. Be sure to include your references for this answer.
Watch this video about your cells and answer these questions:
http://www.pearsoncustom.com/mct-comprehensive/asset.php?isbn=1269879944&id=8524
What does the video say is the function of:
Cytoskeleton
mictochondria
DNA
Note: The assignment will require you to engage in independent research of cell theory. You will find information on scientists who contributed to this theory in your required reading for your SLP. You will also find additional resources on your ebrary bookshelf, such as the book, Cell Biology: Fundamentals and Applications, a great place to begin your investigation of cell theory and cell biology.
Assignment Expectations
Please include a cover sheet for your Case Assignment. Use headings to separate each section’s questions, and answer each question using complete sentences.
References: List the references you used to describe cell theory. Cite them within your text (Author, date) and provide the full reference information in a References section.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted, assignments are expected to adhere to standard guidelines of grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar and spelling impact clarity.
The following items will be assessed:
Assignment-Driven Criteria – Did you address each requirement?
Critical Thinking – How well did you synthesize and evaluate the topics addressed?
Scholarly Writing – Is everything explained in complete sentences?
Quality of References and Assignment Organization – Did you organize your paper with headings?
Citing Sources – Did you list your references and cite information where necessary?
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. 50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors 10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. GET THIS PROJECT NOW BY CLICKING ON THIS LINK TO PLACE THE ORDER
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