Autonomous weapon human decision-making
Order ID |
53563633773 |
Type |
Essay |
Writer Level |
Masters |
Style |
APA |
Sources/References |
4 |
Perfect Number of Pages to Order |
5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
Autonomous weapon human decision-making
Autonomous weapons, also known as “killer robots,” are military systems that are capable of selecting and engaging targets without human intervention. The use of such weapons raises important ethical and legal questions, particularly regarding the role of human decision-making in their operation.
One of the main concerns with autonomous weapons is the lack of accountability in the event of an accident or malfunction. If a weapon system makes a mistake, it is not clear who should be held responsible for the resulting harm. Additionally, autonomous weapons may be vulnerable to hacking or other forms of cyber attack, which could allow an attacker to take control of the weapon and use it to cause harm.
Another concern is the potential for autonomous weapons to make decisions that are not in line with the principles of proportionality and distinction, which are key principles of international humanitarian law. Autonomous weapons may be unable to distinguish between civilian and military targets, or may engage in attacks that cause excessive harm to civilians.
There are also concerns about the potential for autonomous weapons to perpetuate or even exacerbate existing conflicts, rather than bringing them to an end.
In order to address these concerns, some experts have called for the development of “meaningful human control” over autonomous weapons. This would involve incorporating human decision-making into the weapon system’s decision-making process, in order to ensure that the weapon is only used in accordance with international humanitarian law.
One approach to achieving meaningful human control is to require that a human operator be involved in the decision to use the weapon, rather than allowing the weapon to make the decision on its own. This could involve a “man-in-the-loop” system, in which a human operator must approve the weapon’s decision to engage a target before the weapon can take action.
Another approach is to require that autonomous weapons have the ability to detect and respond to unexpected events or “unknown unknowns” that might occur during an engagement. This could involve incorporating sensor systems or other forms of artificial intelligence that are capable of identifying and responding to unusual or unexpected situations.
In any case, the question of human decision-making in autonomous weapons is a complex and challenging one, and it will likely require the development of new technologies, policies, and international agreements in order to ensure that these weapons are used in a responsible and ethical manner.
In conclusion, autonomous weapons raise important ethical and legal questions, particularly regarding the role of human decision-making in their operation. To ensure that these weapons are used in a responsible and ethical manner, it is essential to establish meaningful human control over their decision-making process. This can be achieved by incorporating human decision-making into the weapon system’s decision-making process, and by requiring that autonomous weapons have the ability to detect and respond to unexpected events or “unknown unknowns” that might occur during an engagement.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE |
NO RESPONSE |
POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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Autonomous weapon human decision-making
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