Order ID | 2115166988 |
Subject | Nursing |
Topic | Assignment 5.1: Health Risk Appraisal Tool |
Type | Coursework |
Writer level | College |
Style | APA |
Sources / references | 3 |
Language | English(U.S.) |
Description / paper instructions
Find a health risk appraisal tool either online or in paper form. Complete your chosen appraisal tool as if you were the client. Review and critique the tool; post the tool or link to the tool, along with your critique. Many professional organizations, federal health organizations and insurance companies have these tools available. PLEASE COMPLETE IN WORD DOC FOR ME TO ADJUST AS NEEDED I have high blood pressure and both parents do. text for this class Pender, N., Murdaugh, C. & Parson, M. A. (2001; 2014). Health Promotion in Nursing Practice (6th ed or 7th ed.). Pearson: New Jersey.
According to Adam Perzynski (2013), the purpose of an HRA is to establish the risk for disease or death so that one can determine the need to make changes in lifestyle to decrease risk for disease and death. The assessment should be answered accurately and honestly, so that a useful report can be generated. The importance of having a useful report is so that those at a higher risks levels can receive additional support from their primary care provider or receive additional support with specialized health care providers (2013). While those in the low and moderate risk ranges can make changes with or without the assistance of their primary care provider. For this assignment I choose the HealthRisk Assessment (HRA) toolfound on the Healthy Life HRA website (2014). After reviewing other websites, I found this interactive electronic tool to be the simplest due to the fact it allowed participants to sign in as a guest and not create an account to complete the HRA tool. The assessment itself took less than five minutes to complete, no additional paper work, forms, or test results were needed. However, the more the information you have the more exact the results will be. Once completed,the results were immediately available and participants able to review their health risk. A link to the assessment tool is provided https://healthylifehra.org/samplehra along with a personal completed health risk pdf file provided. I feel that this website and assessment tool was very beneficial in providing me feedback of my health risk, as well as providing tips and suggestions on how to improve the low health risk. I felt that this tool wasn’t very in depth. There were very few immediate family health history questions and didn’t provide a complete family history, or no questions pertaining to job title. Although these questions weren’t asked, I was ultimately okay with this tool becauseof my family history of heart disease and breast cancer my provider has had me test for the BRCA 1 gene (2018) and has discussed in full detail how to decrease heart disease risk ( American Heart Association, 2018). I’m fully aware of my family health history and have made the appropriate changes needed to decrease my risks long before this assessment was complete. However, most people won’t be aware of their health risks, so for them the tool should be more in-depth. The questions were in a larger font, for those with potential vision issues. I also had my twelve-year-old son read the questions, to determine the level of literacy needed to utilize the HRA tool. As a future FNP I would still recommend this tool to my patients because it can give the patient another tangible reason to improve their health by decreasing their risks. With the tool being free and taking less than ten minutes to determine their health risk, it could be beneficial and not a burden. For those patients that have a need for increased visual aids and/or low literacy levels having a printed version in the office having a staff member read the questions aloud would also be beneficial. The utilization of different types and styles of tools to help meet the needs of your patients will further establish a relationship of care and respect in helping those in need.
Reference: BRCA1 gene – Genetics Home Reference. (2018, May 22). Retrieved from https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/BRCA1 American Heart Association. (2018). Retrieved from http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/ It’s Easy to Understand Risks to Your Health! (2014). Retrieved from https://healthylifehra.org/
Assignment 5.1: Health Risk Appraisal Tool Annette Kelly Maryville University
Assignment 5.1: Health Risk Appraisal Tool The purpose of this paper is to explore and comparethe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2015) and the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS, 2019) health risk assessments;free for Medicare beneficiaries as afforded to them under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) (CDC, 2015). According to the CDC (2019), chronic illness and disease account for more than 80% of U.S. health care costs and almost 100% of Medicare costs (pg. 11). According to the CDC (2019) in 2011, more than 2.5 trillion dollars was spent on the management and treatment of chronic illnesses in the U.S. (pg. 11). The CDC (2019) indicates an increase in the incidence of chronic illness and disease despite modifiable risk factors, linking it to the lack of preventative care (age-specific) (pg. 11). The CDC (2019) cites three specific areas essential to improving the overall health and wellbeing for Americans: Primary prevention to avert, secondary prevention to identify and treat, and tertiary prevention effective management of the disease process (pg. 11-12). The ACA recommends the use of an annual health risk assessment tool (HRA) to prevent and improve the treatment/management of chronic illnesses (CDC, 2015, 2019, pg. 12). The Medicare HRA includes a medical history, preventative screening schedule, and personalized care plan (CDC, 2019, pg. 12). A health risk assessment is a tool utilized in the identification of patients at risk of developing an illness or chronic disease (Catanzaro, 2019; CDC, 2019). Health risk factors are associated with common illnesses, and the utilization of a health risk assessment tool (HRA) can predict patient’s risk of morbidity and mortality (Catanzaro, 2019; CDC, 2019). HRA utilizes patient data such as demographics, medical history, and lifestyle choices to positively impact behavior, and overall health and wellbeing through patient-specific interventions and questionnaires (Catanzaro, 2019; CDC, 2019).Patient demographics can include age, gender, ethnicity, medical history, familial history, perception of current health status, and the assessment of individual health risks (weight, nutrition, smoking, blood pressure, cholesterol, physical activity, alcohol use, travel, stress, and mental health) (Catanzaro, 2019). The utilization of an HRA is to appraise and enable patients in the identification of modifiable disease-specific health risks and to use patient-specific interventions to lower their risk of mortality and morbidity (Catanzaro, 201; CDC, 2019).The CDC’s (2019) example of a health risk assessment is seven pages in length and includes questions regarding physical activity, tobacco use, alcohol use, nutrition, use of seat belts, depression, anxiety, stress, support, pain, general health, activities of daily living, sleep, blood pressure, cholesterol, blood glucose, and weight (pg. 41). The MDHHS (2019) health risk assessment is a vital feature of the Healthy Michigan Plan for Medicare patients. The HRA requires health care providers input and includes at least one health and behavior goal to improve areas of risk (MDHHS, 2019). The MDHHS (2019) HRA is available in Spanish and Arabic, can be completed on-line, over the phone with a representative, or on paper; once completed the HRA is submitted to the State of Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. The MDHHS (2019) website provides provider information for Medicare patients via a PowerPoint reviewing how to complete the HRA tool. The MDHHS (2019) identifies primary goals for Medicare patients as an active engagement in achieving and maintaining healthy behaviors (reducing tobacco use, increasing physical activity, and improving chronic disease management) by using the HRA. The MDHHS HRA promotes overall health and wellbeing through collaboration by identifying health risks, providing individualized feedback, and providing patient-specific interventions/goals to promote health, sustain function, and prevent disease (MDHHS, 2019). The MDHHS (2019) HRA focuses on patient-centered goals that are culturally appropriate by discussing patient beliefs regarding health and illness and their ability to successfully implement health behaviors (do they have access and resources for a change). The MDHHS (2019) HRA is five pages in length with four sections. The MDHHS (2019) HRA section one asks for basic demographic information, overall health (including hearing), pregnancy, exercise, alcohol use, tobacco use, stress, use of drugs or medications, flu vaccine, dental care, transportation, access to resources (food, housing, clothing), and frequency of checkups. Section two asks the patient to identify what they would like to discuss with their provider (MDHHS, 2019). Section three assesses readiness for change by asking the patient if they want to make small lifestyle changes to improve their health, do they have a support system in place to make changes, and the level of support they want from their provider and health plan (MDHHS, 2019). Section four is to be completed by the provider with patient input and includes the identification of current and future health behavior goals (MDHHS, 2019). The MDHHS HRA (2019) unlike the CDC (2019) HRA example did not assess anxiety, depression, use of seat belts, sleep, activities of daily living, blood pressure, cholesterol, blood glucose, or weight. Whereas, the CDC HRA example (2019) did not assess readiness for change, access to resources, transportation, dental care, hearing loss, pregnancy, use of drugs or medications, flu vaccine, last healthcare visit, or patient-specific health goals. Assessing patient readiness for change is essential to prevent and improve chronic illness through the implementation of healthy behaviors (MDHHS, 2019). Both HRA examples were easy to use, offered assistance with completion, used plain language, but the CDC example was not available in languages other than English. In conclusion, both HRA examples providing patient-specific information in the identification of chronic illness risk factors, but only one included an assessment of the patient’s readiness for change and health behavior goals. Assessing a patient’s readiness for change is directly correlated to disease prevention and progression by implementing patient-centered health behaviors/goals. The use of an HRA can decrease the number of Americans with preventable chronic illnesses and healthcare expenditures. References Catanzaro, J. (2019). Health risk-2: NURS 610 [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from https://maryville.instructure.com/courses/39453/pages/health-risk-2?module_item_id=2335150 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2015). A framework for patient-centered health risk assessments. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/policy/hst/hra/index.html Goetzel, R. Z., Staley, P., Ogden, L.,Stange, P., Fox, J., Spangler, J., Tabrizi, M.,Beckowski, M.,Kowlessar, N., Glasgow,R. E., &Taylor, M. V. (2011). A framework for patient-centered health risk assessments – providing health promotion and disease prevention services to Medicare beneficiaries. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/policy/hst/hra/FrameworkForHRA.pdf Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). (2019). Health Risk Assessment. Retrieved from https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71547_2943_66797-325070–,00.html
Health Assessment Tool Name Institutional Affiliation
Health Assessment Tool Introduction Health assessment tools are medical questionnaires used to review medical history of patient. These tools are used for various purposes including examining the patient medical history, diagnose patients, and investigate given medical conditions. Thus, health assessment reports are critical in obtaining quality care from the health practitioners. Accordingly, the adult residential care programs have developed medical health assessment form to evaluate the mental health conditions of patients seeking their services. Apart from being extremely brief, the health assessment form is detailed to provide all the necessary information required by caregivers in the adult care facilities. The health assessment form used by Adult Residential Care Programs provides an opportunity for patients to highlight their medical history, as well as present medical procedures (Montero‐Odasso, &Speechley, 2018). For instance, like many health assessment forms, the first section of the form prompts the users to indicate their bio data (Peters, 2019). These include their name, address, sex, and date of birth, to name but a few. Further, in the next section, the form requires that the users should indicate their medical history. In this part, the patient is required to highlight essential medical information such as recent cases of acute illnesses, recent cases of surgery, and primary diagnosis. According to Tuck, Scribani, Grainger, Johns, & Knight(2018), these critical information goes a long way in patient treatment. However, it is noticeable that the form is precise hence does not provide sufficient information particularly regarding the emotional health of patients. Despite this limitation, the adult residential care form provides medical information that is useful in determining the medical history of the users. Conclusion In a nutshell, health assessment forms are essential tools used to examine the medical history of patients. Accordingly, the assessment form used by residential care services is useful in determining the medical history of its patients. From this examination, it is notable that the content of this form is brief, yet containing enough information to determine the patient’s present health status.
References Montero‐Odasso, M., &Speechley, M. (2018). Falls in cognitively impaired older adults: implications for risk assessment and prevention. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol. 66, No. 2, p. 367-375. Peters, G. (2019). The role of standardized patient assessment forms in medical communication skills education. Qualitative Research in Medicine and Healthcare, Vol. 3, No. 2. Tuck, A. N., Scribani, M. B., Grainger, S. D., Johns, C. A., & Knight, R. Q. (2018). The 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9): an aid to assessment of patient-reported functional outcomes after spinal surgery. The Spine Journal, Vol.1, No. 8, p. 1398-1405. |
STATEMENT OF PURPOSE
Adult Residential Care Programs provide 24 hour residential care settings for dependent adults. They are not medical facilities. Persons in need of constant medical care and supervision should not be admitted or retained in an adult residential care facility because such a facility lacks the staff and expertise to provide needed services. Persons who, by reason of age and or physical and/or mental limitations, are in need of assistance with the basic activities of daily living, can be cared for in adult residential care settings.
The information solicited in this medical evaluation will assist you, the individual, and the operator of an adult residential care facility in determining the level of care needed to assure the health, safety and well-being of the individual. It will become part of the resident’s record and subject to review by the New York State Department of Health, which is responsible for supervision of Adult Residential Care Programs.
DSS-3122 (Revised 12/79)
MEDICAL EVALUATION
(Resident)
NAME
ADDRESS
SEX | DATE OF BIRTH | EXAMINATION DATE |
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SECTION I: MEDICAL HISTORY
PRIMARY DIAGNOSIS
RECENT SURGERY (type of procedure and date) | RECENT ACUTE ILLNESS (type and date) |
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CHRONIC ILLNESS, PHYSICAL OR MENTAL LIMITATIONS | SPECIAL DIET |
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WEIGHT (include opinion regarding overweight, etc.) |
BLOOD PRESSURE |
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ACTIVITY RESTRICTIONS |
WEIGHT BEARING (full, partial, none) |
REQUIRED PERIODIC OR INTERMITTANT NURSING CARE, AND/OR MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS, DOCTORS’ VISITS, OR SKILLED OBSERVATION OF SYMPTOMS:
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SECTION II: MEDICATIONS NEEDED
TYPE, FREQUENCY, AND DOSAGE
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DSS-3122 (12/79) (REVERSE)
SECTION III: OBSERVATION OF INDIVIDUAL
yes | no | Is the individual capable of self-administration of | yes | no | Bedfast – Unable to transfer |
Required medications? | |||||
yes | no | Ambulatory – Without assistance | yes | no | Incontinent (describe) |
yes | no | Ambulatory – With assistance | yes | no | Habituated or addicted to alcohol or other substance |
yes | no | Chairfast – Able to transfer | yes | no | If yes, is the individual a danger to himself or others |
yes | no | Chairfast – Unable to transfer | yes | no | Free of communicable disease |
yes | no | Bedfast – Able to transfer | |||
SECTION IV:
In your opinion does the individual need the support and services available in and adult residential care setting? | (please describe fully) | ||||
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Does the individual require placement in a skilled nursing or health related facility? (give reasons) | |||||
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PHYSICIANS SIGNATURE | DATE | ||||
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